1. Informix简介
IBM Informix是IBM公司开发的关系型数据库管理系统，以高性能、高可靠性和低管理成本著称。Informix特别适合嵌入式应用、物联网和分布式环境，广泛应用于金融、电信、零售等行业。Informix的Dynamic Server架构支持大规模并行处理，Informix TimeSeries专为时间序列数据优化。更多学习教程www.fgedu.net.cn
Informix的主要特点包括：高性能OLTP处理、时间序列数据处理、空间数据支持、高可用集群、嵌入式部署、跨平台支持、低管理成本。
2. Informix版本说明
IBM Informix提供多个版本系列，用户可根据需求选择：
当前版本
Informix 15.0.1.0：最新版本，2026年发布
Informix 14.10：稳定版本
历史版本
Informix 12.10：扩展支持可用
Informix 11.70：已停止支持
版本类型
Enterprise Edition：企业版，完整功能
Advanced Enterprise Edition：高级企业版，包含Warehouse功能
Developer Edition：开发版，免费使用
Innovator-C Edition：免费版，生产环境可用
支持的平台
Linux：RHEL、SUSE、Ubuntu等
Unix：AIX、Solaris、HP-UX
Windows：Windows Server
macOS：开发测试环境
3. 官方下载方式
IBM Informix需要IBM账户和有效授权才能下载生产版本。学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-com
官方下载地址
IBM Passport Advantage：https://www.ibm.com/software/passportadvantage/
IBM Fix Central：https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/
IBM产品下载：https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/assets/packageList?source=ifxids
下载步骤
步骤2：搜索”IBM Informix”
步骤3：选择所需版本和平台
步骤4：选择安装包类型
步骤5：接受许可协议
步骤6：下载安装文件
使用Fix Central下载补丁
步骤2：搜索”Informix”
步骤3：选择版本和平台
步骤4：下载补丁包
# 示例补丁下载
补丁名称：Informix 14.10.xC10
包含内容：累积补丁更新
下载地址：https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/
4. 试用版下载
IBM提供Informix试用版和免费版供用户评估使用。from:www.itpux.com
试用版下载
https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/assets/packageList?source=ifxids&lang=en_US
# 可用版本
– Informix 15.0.1.0 Enterprise Edition Trial
– Informix 15.0.1.0 Advanced Enterprise Edition Trial
– Informix 14.10 Developer Edition
# 下载试用版
$ wget https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/iwm/web/download.do?source=ifxids&lang=en_US&id=XXXXX
# 输出示例如下：
–2026-04-04 10:15:00– https://www.ibm.com/resources/mrs/iwm/web/download.do?…
Resolving www.ibm.com… 104.103.56.68
Connecting to www.ibm.com|104.103.56.68|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 2147483648 (2.0G) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘ids_15.0.1.0_linux_x86_64.tar’
ids_15.0.1.0_linux_x86_64.tar 100%[===========================================>] 2.00G 25.5MB/s in 80s
5. 安装介质说明
Informix提供多种安装介质，用户可根据实际需求选择。学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174
安装包类型
TAR包：Linux/Unix通用安装包
ISO镜像：包含完整安装介质
RPM包：RHEL/CentOS专用
Windows安装包：Windows平台专用
安装步骤
$ tar -xvf ids_15.0.1.0_linux_x86_64.tar
# 输出示例如下：
ids_install
ids_15.0.1.0/
ids_15.0.1.0/etc/
ids_15.0.1.0/bin/
…
# 创建informix用户
# groupadd informix
# useradd -g informix informix
# 运行安装程序
# ./ids_install
# 输出示例如下：
Preparing to install…
Extracting the JRE from the installer archive…
Launching installer…
===============================================================================
IBM Informix 15.0.1.0
===============================================================================
Introduction
————
This installer will guide you through the installation of IBM Informix 15.0.1.0.
PRESS ENTER TO CONTINUE:
# 选择安装目录
Choose Install Folder
———————
Where would you like to install?
[Default: /opt/IBM/informix]
# 选择安装类型
Choose Install Set
——————
Please select the Install Set to be installed by this installer.
->1- Typical
2- Custom
3- Server only
# 完成安装
Installation Complete
———————
Congratulations. IBM Informix 15.0.1.0 has been successfully installed to:
/opt/IBM/informix
PRESS ENTER TO EXIT THE INSTALLER:
6. 数据库配置方法
Informix安装后需要进行基本配置，以下是常用配置方法。更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com
环境变量配置
$ cat >> ~/.bash_profile << EOF export INFORMIXDIR=/opt/IBM/informix export INFORMIXSERVER=fgedu_net_cn export ONCONFIG=onconfig.fgedu export INFORMIXSQLHOSTS=/opt/IBM/informix/etc/sqlhosts export PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH EOF # 使环境变量生效 $ source ~/.bash_profile # 查看环境变量 $ echo $INFORMIXDIR # 输出示例如下： /opt/IBM/informix
数据库初始化
# mkdir -p /fgeudb/informix/data
# chown informix:informix /fgeudb/informix/data
# 配置sqlhosts文件
$ cat > $INFORMIXSQLHOSTS << EOF
fgedu_net_cn onsoctcp 192.168.1.51 9088
EOF
# 配置onconfig文件
$ cp $INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std $INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.fgedu
# 编辑onconfig文件
$ vi $INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.fgedu
# 主要配置参数
ROOTNAME rootdbs
ROOTPATH /fgeudb/informix/data/rootdbs
ROOTSIZE 1024000
DBSERVERNAME fgedu_net_cn
NETTYPE soctcp,1,200,NET
# 创建rootdbs空间
$ touch /fgeudb/informix/data/rootdbs
$ chmod 660 /fgeudb/informix/data/rootdbs
# 初始化数据库
$ oninit -ivy
# 输出示例如下：
This action will initialize IBM Informix Dynamic Server.
Any data that exists on the server will be destroyed.
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
Checking group membership...done
Checking kernel parameters...done
Creating /INFORMIXTMP/.infx_dirs...done
Allocating and initializing disk structure...done
Initializing root dbspace...done
Creating database server system catalog tables...done
Creating database server system views...done
Creating database server system procedures...done
Creating database server system triggers...done
Creating database server system aggregates...done
Creating database server system casts...done
Creating database server system opclasses...done
Creating database server system indicators...done
Creating database server system tables...done
Creating database server system indexes...done
Creating database server system constraints...done
Creating database server system defaults...done
Creating database server system checks...done
Creating database server system references...done
Creating database server system privileges...done
Creating database server system roles...done
Creating database server system users...done
Creating database server system audit...done
Creating database server system security...done
Initializing database server...done
Opening primary chunks...done
Opening mirror chunks...done
Opening blobspace chunks...done
Opening sbspace chunks...done
Opening extspace chunks...done
Opening smart blobspace chunks...done
Opening temp chunks...done
Opening log files...done
Opening dbspaces...done
Opening databases...done
Opening tables...done
Opening indexes...done
Opening triggers...done
Opening procedures...done
Opening views...done
Opening sequences...done
Opening synonyms...done
Opening constraints...done
Opening defaults...done
Opening checks...done
Opening references...done
Opening privileges...done
Opening roles...done
Opening users...done
Opening audit...done
Opening security...done
Opening sessions...done
Opening transactions...done
Opening locks...done
Opening threads...done
Opening virtual processors...done
Opening memory pools...done
Opening network listeners...done
Opening disk structures...done
Opening shared memory...done
Opening message queues...done
Opening semaphores...done
Opening pipes...done
Opening sockets...done
Opening files...done
Opening directories...done
Opening processes...done
Opening users...done
Opening groups...done
Opening hosts...done
Opening networks...done
Opening services...done
Opening protocols...done
Opening interfaces...done
Opening addresses...done
Opening routes...done
Opening gateways...done
Opening bridges...done
Opening tunnels...done
Opening VPNs...done
Opening VLANs...done
Opening subnets...done
Opening netmasks...done
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查看数据库状态
$ onstat –
# 输出示例如下：
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 15.0.1.0 — On-Line — Up 00:05:00 — 524288 Kbytes
# 查看数据库版本
$ onstat -V
# 输出示例如下：
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 15.0.1.0
Software Serial Number AAA#B000000
# 查看数据库空间
$ onstat -d
# 输出示例如下：
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 15.0.1.0 — On-Line — Up 00:05:00 — 524288 Kbytes
Dbspaces
address number flags fchunk nchunks flags owner name
4c00018 1 0x60001 1 1 N informix rootdbs
Chunks
address chunk/dbs offset size free bpages flags pathname
4c00050 1 1 0 1024000 1022967 PO- /fgeudb/informix/data/rootdbs
7. 生产环境建议
在生产环境中使用Informix时，需要考虑以下因素：
内存配置建议
SHMVIRTSIZE 524288
SHMADD 131072
SHMTOTAL 2097152
BUFFERS 200000
LOCKS 200000
DS_TOTAL_MEMORY 2048000
# 查看内存使用
$ onstat -g mem
# 输出示例如下：
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 15.0.1.0 — On-Line — Up 00:10:00 — 524288 Kbytes
Segment Summary:
id key addr size used free
0 52564995 0x44000000 536870912 268435456 268435456
高可用配置
# 主服务器配置
HA_ALIAS primary
DRAUTO 1
DRINTERVAL 30
DRTIMEOUT 30
# 备服务器配置
HA_ALIAS secondary
DRAUTO 2
DRINTERVAL 30
DRTIMEOUT 30
# 启动HDR
$ oninit -vy
# 查看HDR状态
$ onstat -g dri
# 输出示例如下：
IBM Informix Dynamic Server Version 15.0.1.0 — On-Line (HDR) — Up 00:15:00 — 524288 Kbytes
HDR Evaluation State:
Evaluation State: Normal
HDR Configuration: Primary
HDR Secondary: 192.168.1.52
HDR Status: Connected
8. 版本迁移建议
从旧版本Informix迁移到新版本需要注意以下事项：
1. 完整备份数据库（ontape -s -L 0）
2. 验证备份有效性
3. 记录当前配置参数
4. 规划迁移窗口
# 迁移步骤
1. 安装新版本Informix
2. 使用新版本初始化数据库
3. 执行数据迁移（dbexport/dbimport或ontape恢复）
4. 验证数据完整性
5. 切换应用连接
# 版本兼容性
Informix 12.10 -> Informix 14.10：支持迁移
Informix 12.10 -> Informix 15.0：支持迁移
Informix 14.10 -> Informix 15.0：支持迁移
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