# 启动MariaDB服务
# systemctl start mariadb

# 设置MariaDB服务开机自启
# systemctl enable mariadb

# 验证MariaDB服务状态
# systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service – MariaDB 10.6 database server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2026-03-31 10:00:00 CST; 1min ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
Process: 12345 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir mariadb.service (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 12346 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-check-upgrade (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12347 (mysqld)
Status: “Taking your SQL requests now…”
Tasks: 30 (limit: 4915)
Memory: 76.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
└─12347 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Mar 31 10:00:00 fgedudb01 systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB 10.6 database server…
Mar 31 10:00:00 fgedudb01 mariadb-prepare-db-dir[12345]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/mysql already, nothing is done.
Mar 31 10:00:00 fgedudb01 systemd[1]: Started MariaDB 10.6 database server.

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we’ll need the current
password for the root user. If you’ve just installed MariaDB, and
you haven’t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on…

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] Y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
… Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
To log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
Them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
Go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
Production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y
… Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost’. This
Ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y
… Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ‘test’ that anyone can
Access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
Before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y
– Dropping test database…
… Success!
– Removing privileges on test database…
… Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
Will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y
… Success!

Cleaning up…

All done! If you’ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
Installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

# 添加以下配置
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mariadb
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
max_connections=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_size=4G
innodb_log_file_size=512M
innodb_file_per_table=1
skip-name-resolve
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

# 重启MariaDB服务
# systemctl restart mariadb

# 验证配置
# mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘datadir’;”
Enter password:
+—————+—————-+| Variable_name | Value |+—————+—————-+| datadir | /data/mariadb/ |+—————+—————-+

# 创建数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;

# 创建用户
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘fgedu123’;

# 授权
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON fgedudb.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’;

# 刷新权限
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 连接到测试数据库
MariaDB [(none)]> USE fgedudb;

# 创建测试表
MariaDB [fgedudb]> CREATE TABLE fgedu_employees (
-> id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
-> name VARCHAR(100),
-> salary DECIMAL(10,2)
-> );

# 插入测试数据
MariaDB [fgedudb]> INSERT INTO fgedu_employees (name, salary) VALUES (‘张三’, 5000.00);
MariaDB [fgedudb]> INSERT INTO fgedu_employees (name, salary) VALUES (‘李四’, 6000.00);
MariaDB [fgedudb]> INSERT INTO fgedu_employees (name, salary) VALUES (‘王五’, 7000.00);

# 查询测试数据
MariaDB [fgedudb]> SELECT * FROM fgedu_employees;
+—-+——+——–+
| id | name | salary |
+—-+——+——–+
| 1 | 张三 | 5000.0 |
| 2 | 李四 | 6000.0 |
| 3 | 王五 | 7000.0 |
+—-+——+——–+

# 执行备份
# 以root用户执行
# mysqldump -u root -p fgedudb > /backup/mariadb/fgedudb_backup_20260331.sql

# 验证备份文件
# ls -la /backup/mariadb/
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 123456 Mar 31 10:20 fgedudb_backup_20260331.sql

#!/bin/bash

DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)
BACKUP_DIR=”/backup/mariadb”

# 创建备份目录（如果不存在）
mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

# 执行备份
mysqldump -u root -p’your_password’ fgedudb > $BACKUP_DIR/fgedudb_backup_$DATE.sql

# 保留最近7天的备份
find $BACKUP_DIR -name “fgedudb_backup_*.sql” -mtime +7 -delete

# 给脚本添加执行权限
# chmod +x /root/backup_mariadb.sh

# 添加到crontab
# crontab -e

# 添加以下内容（每天凌晨2点执行备份）
0 2 * * * /root/backup_mariadb.sh

# 2. 停止MariaDB服务
# systemctl stop mariadb

# 3. 升级MariaDB
# yum update -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

# 4. 启动MariaDB服务
# systemctl start mariadb

# 5. 运行升级脚本
# mysql_upgrade -u root -p

# 6. 验证升级结果
# mysql -u root -p -e “SELECT VERSION();”
Enter password:
+—————-+| VERSION() |+—————-+| 10.6.15-MariaDB |+—————-+

# 1. 在旧系统上创建备份
# mysqldump -u root -p –all-databases > /backup/mariadb/all_databases_backup.sql

# 2. 将备份文件复制到新系统
# scp /backup/mariadb/all_databases_backup.sql root@192.168.1.51:/backup/mariadb/

# 3. 在新系统上恢复备份
# mysql -u root -p < /backup/mariadb/all_databases_backup.sql # 4. 验证迁移结果 # mysql -u root -p -e "SELECT * FROM fgedudb.fgedu_employees;"