本文档风哥主要介绍Oracle ORA-04030进程内存不足错误相关知识，包括ORA-04030的概念、ORA-04030的常见原因、ORA-04030分析方法、ORA-04030错误分析配置、ORA-04030错误监控、ORA-04030错误故障处理等内容，由风哥教程参考Oracle官方文档Troubleshooting内容编写，适合DBA人员在学习和测试中使用，如果要应用于生产环境则需要自行确认。
Part01-基础概念与理论知识
1.1 ORA-04030的概念
Oracle ORA-04030是Oracle数据库的进程内存不足错误，表示进程无法分配更多的私有内存。ORA-04030错误通常发生在PGA（程序全局区）内存不足时。ORA-04030错误需要调整PGA内存参数或优化内存使用。更多视频教程www.fgedu.net.cn
- 进程内存不足：无法分配私有内存
- PGA内存：PGA内存不足
- 私有内存：进程私有内存不足
- 内存分配：内存分配失败
- 需要调整：需要调整PGA内存参数
1.2 ORA-04030的常见原因
Oracle ORA-04030的常见原因：
- PGA太小：PGA内存不足
- 内存泄漏：内存泄漏
- 并发进程过多：并发进程过多
- 内存碎片：内存碎片严重
- 系统资源不足：系统资源不足
- 内存分配失败：内存分配失败
- 操作系统限制：操作系统内存限制
1.3 ORA-04030分析方法
Oracle ORA-04030分析方法：
- 错误信息分析：分析错误信息含义
- PGA分析：分析PGA内存使用情况
- 参数分析：分析参数配置
- 进程分析：分析进程情况
- 系统资源分析：分析系统资源使用
- 操作系统分析：分析操作系统限制
Part02-生产环境规划与建议
2.1 ORA-04030错误处理规划
Oracle ORA-04030错误处理规划要点：
– 错误监控：监控ORA-04030错误发生
– 错误记录：记录ORA-04030错误信息
– 错误分析：分析ORA-04030错误原因
– 错误处理：处理ORA-04030错误问题
# 错误监控规划
– 监控工具：选择监控工具
– 监控频率：设置监控频率
– 监控范围：定义监控范围
– 告警配置：配置告警规则
# 错误记录规划
– 记录方式：选择记录方式
– 记录格式：定义记录格式
– 记录保留：设置记录保留时间
– 记录备份：备份错误记录
# 错误分析规划
– 分析方法：选择分析方法
– 分析工具：选择分析工具
– 分析流程：定义分析流程
– 分析报告：生成分析报告
# 错误处理规划
– 处理流程：定义处理流程
– 处理优先级：设置处理优先级
– 处理责任人：指定处理责任人
– 处理验证：验证处理结果
2.2 ORA-04030错误分析工具
Oracle ORA-04030错误分析工具：
- SQL*Plus：命令行工具
- SQL Developer：图形化工具
- Enterprise Manager：企业级管理工具
- AWR报告：自动工作负载仓库报告
- ASH报告：活动会话历史报告
- Statspack：性能统计包
- ADDM：自动数据库诊断监视器
– SQL*Plus：快速查询错误信息
– SQL Developer：图形化分析错误
– Enterprise Manager：集中管理错误
– AWR报告：分析性能问题
– ASH报告：分析活动会话
– Statspack：收集性能统计
– ADDM：自动诊断性能问题
2.3 ORA-04030错误处理最佳实践
Oracle ORA-04030错误处理最佳实践：
- 定期监控：定期监控ORA-04030错误
- 及时处理：及时处理ORA-04030错误
- 文档记录：记录错误处理过程
- 经验积累：积累错误处理经验
- 预防措施：制定预防措施
Part03-生产环境项目实施方案
3.1 ORA-04030错误分析配置
3.1.1 配置PGA内存参数
SQL> show parameter pga
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
pga_aggregate_target big integer 2048M
# 2. 查看PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select name, value/1024/1024 as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 1024.00
total freeable PGA memory 1024.00
# 3. 查看PGA内存分配统计
SQL> select name, value/1024/1024 as value_mb
from v$pgastat
order by value desc
fetch first 10 rows only;
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 1024.00
total freeable PGA memory 1024.00
aggregate PGA target parameter 2048.00
aggregate PGA auto target 1024.00
global memory bound 256.00
max PGA allocated 2048.00
total PGA used for auto workareas 512.00
total PGA used for manual workareas 512.00
# 4. 增加PGA内存
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 4096M scope=both;
System altered.
# 5. 验证配置
SQL> show parameter pga
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
pga_aggregate_target big integer 4096M
# 6. 查看PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select name, value/1024/1024 as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 4096.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 2048.00
3.1.2 配置PGA自动管理
SQL> alter system set workarea_size_policy = AUTO scope=both;
System altered.
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 4096M scope=both;
System altered.
# 2. 验证配置
SQL> show parameter workarea_size_policy
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
workarea_size_policy string AUTO
SQL> show parameter pga
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
pga_aggregate_target big integer 4096M
# 3. 查看PGA自动管理统计
SQL> select name, value/1024/1024 as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name like ‘%auto%’;
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
aggregate PGA auto target 2048.00
total PGA used for auto workareas 1024.00
# 4. 查看PGA工作区统计
SQL> select total_workarea_size/1024/1024 as total_workarea_mb,
optimal_workarea_size/1024/1024 as optimal_workarea_mb,
onepass_workarea_size/1024/1024 as onepass_workarea_mb,
multipass_workarea_size/1024/1024 as multipass_workarea_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0
fetch first 10 rows only;
TOTAL_WORKAREA_MB OPTIMAL_WORKAREA_MB ONEPASS_WORKAREA_MB MULTIPASS_WORKAREA_MB
—————– ——————- ——————- ——————–
256.00 256.00 0.00 0.00
128.00 128.00 0.00 0.00
64.00 64.00 0.00 0.00
3.2 ORA-04030错误监控
3.2.1 配置ORA-04030错误监控脚本
$ vi /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_ora04030.sh
#!/bin/bash
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# ORA-04030错误监控脚本
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=FGEDUDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
# 定义变量
ALERT_LOG=”/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fgedudb/FGEDUDB/trace/alert_FGEDUDB.log”
ERROR_LOG=”/home/oracle/scripts/ora04030_errors.log”
EMAIL=”admin@fgedu.net.cn”
# 检查ORA-04030错误
check_ora04030_errors() {
local last_check_file=”/home/oracle/scripts/last_ora04030_check.txt”
local current_time=$(date +%s)
if [ -f “$last_check_file” ]; then
local last_check=$(cat “$last_check_file”)
local time_diff=$((current_time – last_check))
if [ $time_diff -lt 3600 ]; then
echo “Last check was $time_diff seconds ago, skipping…”
return 0
fi
fi
# 检查最近1小时的ORA-04030错误
local ora04030_errors=$(grep “ORA-04030” “$ALERT_LOG” | tail -100)
if [ -n “$ora04030_errors” ]; then
echo “Found ORA-04030 errors:” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
echo “$ora04030_errors” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
echo “Timestamp: $(date)” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
echo “” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
# 发送告警邮件
echo “ORA-04030 errors detected in alert log” | mail -s “ORA-04030 Alert” “$EMAIL”
# 分析PGA内存使用情况
analyze_pga_usage
fi
# 更新最后检查时间
echo “$current_time” > “$last_check_file”
}
# 分析PGA内存使用情况
analyze_pga_usage() {
local pga_stats=$(sqlplus -s / as sysdba <
from v\$parameter
where name = ‘pga_aggregate_target’;
select ‘Total PGA Allocated: ‘ || round(value/1024/1024,2) || ‘ MB’
from v\$pgastat
where name = ‘total PGA memory allocated’;
select ‘Total PGA Inuse: ‘ || round(value/1024/1024,2) || ‘ MB’
from v\$pgastat
where name = ‘total PGA inuse’;
select ‘Total Freeable PGA: ‘ || round(value/1024/1024,2) || ‘ MB’
from v\$pgastat
where name = ‘total freeable PGA memory’;
EOF
)
echo “$pga_stats” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
echo “” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
}
# 主函数
main() {
check_ora04030_errors
echo “ORA-04030 error monitoring completed at $(date)” >> “$ERROR_LOG”
}
# 执行主函数
main
# 2. 设置脚本权限
$ chmod +x /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_ora04030.sh
# 3. 测试脚本
$ /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_ora04030.sh
# 4. 设置定期监控
$ crontab -e
# 每小时检查ORA-04030错误
0 * * * * /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_ora04030.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_ora04030.log 2>&1
3.2.2 配置数据库监控
SQL> create or replace view ora04030_error_monitor as
select
to_char(timestamp, ‘YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS’) as error_time,
error_code,
error_message,
username,
osuser,
machine,
program,
sql_text
from (
select
to_date(substr(message, 1, 19), ‘YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS’) as timestamp,
substr(message, instr(message, ‘ORA-04030’), 9) as error_code,
substr(message, instr(message, ‘ORA-04030’), instr(message, chr(10)) – instr(message, ‘ORA-04030’)) as error_message,
null as username,
null as osuser,
null as machine,
null as program,
null as sql_text
from (
select column_value as message
from xmltable((‘”‘ || replace(
dbms_metadata.get_ddl(‘TABLE’, ‘DUMMY’),
chr(10),
‘” “‘
) || ‘”‘))
)
);
View created.
# 2. 创建PGA内存监控视图
SQL> create or replace view pga_memory_monitor as
select
name,
round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’, ‘aggregate PGA target parameter’)
order by value desc;
View created.
# 3. 创建PGA工作区监控视图
SQL> create or replace view pga_workarea_monitor as
select
operation_type,
policy,
total_workarea_size/1024/1024 as total_workarea_mb,
optimal_workarea_size/1024/1024 as optimal_workarea_mb,
onepass_workarea_size/1024/1024 as onepass_workarea_mb,
multipass_workarea_size/1024/1024 as multipass_workarea_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0
order by total_workarea_size desc
fetch first 20 rows only;
View created.
# 4. 查询PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select * from pga_memory_monitor;
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 4096.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 2048.00
aggregate PGA target parameter 4096.00
# 5. 查询PGA工作区使用情况
SQL> select * from pga_workarea_monitor fetch first 10 rows only;
OPERATION_TYPE POLICY TOTAL_WORKAREA_MB OPTIMAL_WORKAREA_MB ONEPASS_WORKAREA_MB MULTIPASS_WORKAREA_MB
——————- ——- —————– ——————- ——————- ——————–
SORT AUTO 256.00 256.00 0.00 0.00
HASH JOIN AUTO 128.00 128.00 0.00 0.00
GROUP BY AUTO 64.00 64.00 0.00 0.00
# 6. 创建ORA-04030错误告警
SQL> create or replace procedure ora04030_error_alert as
v_error_count number;
v_pga_used_percent number;
v_email varchar2(100) := ‘admin@fgedu.net.cn’;
begin
— 检查ORA-04030错误
select count(*) into v_error_count
from ora04030_error_monitor
where error_time > sysdate – 1;
— 检查PGA使用率
select round((value/1024/1024) / (select value/1024/1024 from v$parameter where name = ‘pga_aggregate_target’) * 100,2)
into v_pga_used_percent
from v$pgastat
where name = ‘total PGA inuse’;
if v_error_count > 0 or v_pga_used_percent > 90 then
— 发送告警
utl_smtp.open_connection(
host => ‘smtp.fgedu.net.cn’,
port => 25,
c => v_conn
);
utl_smtp.helo(v_conn, ‘localhost’);
utl_smtp.mail(v_conn, ‘oracle@fgedu.net.cn’);
utl_smtp.rcpt(v_conn, v_email);
utl_smtp.open_data(v_conn);
utl_smtp.write_data(v_conn, ‘Subject: ORA-04030 Error Alert’ || utl_tcp.crlf);
utl_smtp.write_data(v_conn, ‘To: ‘ || v_email || utl_tcp.crlf);
utl_smtp.write_data(v_conn, utl_tcp.crlf);
utl_smtp.write_data(v_conn, ‘ORA-04030 errors detected: ‘ || v_error_count || utl_tcp.crlf);
utl_smtp.write_data(v_conn, ‘PGA usage: ‘ || v_pga_used_percent || ‘%’ || utl_tcp.crlf);
utl_smtp.close_data(v_conn);
utl_smtp.quit(v_conn);
end if;
end ora04030_error_alert;
/
Procedure created.
# 7. 创建定时任务
SQL> begin
dbms_scheduler.create_job(
job_name => ‘ORA04030_ERROR_ALERT_JOB’,
job_type => ‘STORED_PROCEDURE’,
job_action => ‘ORA04030_ERROR_ALERT’,
start_date => systimestamp,
repeat_interval => ‘FREQ=HOURLY;INTERVAL=1’,
enabled => true
);
end;
/
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
3.3 ORA-04030错误故障处理
3.3.1 ORA-04030错误处理
SQL> select * from employees where id = 123;
select * from employees where id = 123
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-04030: out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes (sort subheap,sort key)
# 分析步骤
# 1. 查看告警日志
$ grep “ORA-04030” /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fgedudb/FGEDUDB/trace/alert_FGEDUDB.log
2026-03-31T10:00:00.123456+08:00
ORA-04030: out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes (sort subheap,sort key)
# 2. 查看PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 0.00
# 3. 查看PGA内存分配统计
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
order by value desc
fetch first 10 rows only;
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 0.00
aggregate PGA target parameter 2048.00
aggregate PGA auto target 0.00
global memory bound 256.00
max PGA allocated 2048.00
total PGA used for auto workareas 1024.00
total PGA used for manual workareas 1024.00
# 4. 分析错误原因
# 错误代码：ORA-04030
# 错误信息：out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes
# 内存区域：sort subheap,sort key
# 错误原因：PGA内存不足
# 5. 解决方案：增加PGA内存
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 4096M scope=both;
System altered.
# 6. 解决方案：优化查询
SQL> explain plan for select * from employees where id = 123;
Explained.
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
——————————————————————————–
Plan hash value: 123456789
——————————————————————————–
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |
——————————————————————————–
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 100 | 1 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMPLOYEES | 1 | 100 | 1 |
|* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | EMPLOYEES_PK | 1 | | 0 |
——————————————————————————–
# 7. 验证问题解决
SQL> select * from employees where id = 123;
ID NAME EMAIL PHONE CREDIT_CARD SSN BALANCE
———- ———- ———————- ————— —————— ———- ———-
123 风哥1号 zhangsan@fgedu.net.cn 13800138000 1234567890123456 123456789 10000
# 8. 预防措施
# – 定期监控PGA内存使用情况
# – 增加PGA内存大小
# – 优化SQL语句
# – 减少并发连接
3.3.2 PGA内存优化
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 4096.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 2048.00
# 2. 查看PGA工作区使用情况
SQL> select operation_type, policy,
round(total_workarea_size/1024/1024,2) as total_workarea_mb,
round(optimal_workarea_size/1024/1024,2) as optimal_workarea_mb,
round(onepass_workarea_size/1024/1024,2) as onepass_workarea_mb,
round(multipass_workarea_size/1024/1024,2) as multipass_workarea_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0
order by total_workarea_size desc
fetch first 10 rows only;
OPERATION_TYPE POLICY TOTAL_WORKAREA_MB OPTIMAL_WORKAREA_MB ONEPASS_WORKAREA_MB MULTIPASS_WORKAREA_MB
——————- ——- —————– ——————- ——————- ——————–
SORT AUTO 256.00 256.00 0.00 0.00
HASH JOIN AUTO 128.00 128.00 0.00 0.00
GROUP BY AUTO 64.00 64.00 0.00 0.00
# 3. 计算推荐的PGA大小
SQL> select
round((total_workarea_size + optimal_workarea_size) / 1024 / 1024 * 1.5, 2) as recommended_pga_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0
and rownum = 1;
RECOMMENDED_PGA_MB
——————
384.00
# 4. 优化PGA大小
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 6144M scope=both;
System altered.
# 5. 验证配置
SQL> show parameter pga
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
pga_aggregate_target big integer 6144M
# 6. 监控PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 6144.00
total PGA inuse 3072.00
total freeable PGA memory 3072.00
Part04-生产案例与实战讲解
4.1 ORA-04030错误分析案例
在生产环境中分析ORA-04030错误的完整案例：
4.1.1 场景描述
某企业生产数据库出现ORA-04030进程内存不足错误，需要分析错误原因并解决问题。
4.1.2 分析步骤
SQL> select * from v$session_wait where event like ‘%memory%’;
SID SERIAL# EVENT WAIT_TIME SECONDS_IN_WAIT STATE P1TEXT P1 P2TEXT P2 P3TEXT P3
—— ———- ————————- ———- ————— ——– ———- — ———- — ———- —
123 45678 SQL*Net message from client 0 0 WAITING driver id 1413697536 #bytes 1
# 2. 查看告警日志
$ grep “ORA-04030” /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fgedudb/FGEDUDB/trace/alert_FGEDUDB.log | tail -20
2026-03-31T10:00:00.123456+08:00
ORA-04030: out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes (sort subheap,sort key)
2026-03-31T10:00:01.234567+08:00
ORA-04030: out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes (sort subheap,sort key)
# 3. 查看PGA内存使用情况
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 0.00
# 4. 查看PGA内存分配统计
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
order by value desc
fetch first 10 rows only;
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 0.00
aggregate PGA target parameter 2048.00
aggregate PGA auto target 0.00
global memory bound 256.00
max PGA allocated 2048.00
total PGA used for auto workareas 1024.00
total PGA used for manual workareas 1024.00
# 5. 分析错误原因
# 错误代码：ORA-04030
# 错误信息：out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes
# 内存区域：sort subheap,sort key
# 错误原因：PGA内存不足
# 6. 解决方案：增加PGA内存
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 4096M scope=both;
System altered.
# 7. 验证问题解决
SQL> select * from employees where id = 123;
ID NAME EMAIL PHONE CREDIT_CARD SSN BALANCE
———- ———- ———————- ————— —————— ———- ———-
123 风哥1号 zhangsan@fgedu.net.cn 13800138000 1234567890123456 123456789 10000
4.2 ORA-04030错误故障处理
在ORA-04030错误故障处理过程中的方法和技巧：
4.2.1 故障处理流程
# 1. 错误识别
# – 监控告警日志
# – 检查错误信息
# – 确认错误参数
# 2. 错误分析
# – 查看PGA内存使用情况
# – 分析PGA工作区
# – 分析内存分配
# 3. 错误处理
# – 增加PGA内存
# – 优化SQL语句
# – 减少并发连接
# 4. 错误预防
# – 定期监控PGA内存
# – 定期优化内存
# – 制定预防措施
# 示例：ORA-04030错误处理
# 1. 错误识别
SQL> select * from employees where id = 123;
select * from employees where id = 123
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-04030: out of process memory when trying to allocate 4096 bytes (sort subheap,sort key)
# 2. 错误分析
SQL> select name, round(value/1024/1024,2) as value_mb
from v$pgastat
where name in (‘total PGA memory allocated’, ‘total PGA inuse’, ‘total freeable PGA memory’);
NAME VALUE_MB
———————————– ———-
total PGA memory allocated 2048.00
total PGA inuse 2048.00
total freeable PGA memory 0.00
# 3. 错误处理
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 4096M scope=both;
System altered.
# 4. 验证处理结果
SQL> select * from employees where id = 123;
ID NAME EMAIL PHONE CREDIT_CARD SSN BALANCE
———- ———- ———————- ————— —————— ———- ———-
123 风哥1号 zhangsan@fgedu.net.cn 13800138000 1234567890123456 123456789 10000
# 5. 错误预防
# – 定期监控PGA内存使用情况
# – 增加PGA内存大小
# – 优化SQL语句
# – 减少并发连接
4.3 ORA-04030错误优化
优化ORA-04030错误处理配置的最佳实践：
4.3.1 优化PGA内存
SQL> create or replace procedure optimize_pga_memory as
v_pga_used_percent number;
v_optimal_workarea_mb number;
v_recommended_pga_mb number;
begin
— 获取PGA使用率
select round((value/1024/1024) / (select value/1024/1024 from v$parameter where name = ‘pga_aggregate_target’) * 100,2)
into v_pga_used_percent
from v$pgastat
where name = ‘total PGA inuse’;
— 获取最优工作区大小
select round(optimal_workarea_size/1024/1024,2) into v_optimal_workarea_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0 and rownum = 1;
— 计算推荐的PGA大小
select round((total_workarea_size + optimal_workarea_size) / 1024 / 1024 * 1.5, 2) into v_recommended_pga_mb
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where total_workarea_size > 0 and rownum = 1;
— 如果PGA使用率超过90%，建议增加大小
if v_pga_used_percent > 90 then
dbms_output.put_line(‘PGA usage is ‘ || v_pga_used_percent || ‘%’);
dbms_output.put_line(‘Recommended PGA size: ‘ || v_recommended_pga_mb || ‘ MB’);
end if;
— 如果存在多遍工作区，建议增加PGA大小
select count(*) into v_multipass_count
from v$sql_workarea_histogram
where multipass_workarea_size > 0;
if v_multipass_count > 0 then
dbms_output.put_line(‘Found ‘ || v_multipass_count || ‘ multipass workareas’);
dbms_output.put_line(‘Recommended PGA size: ‘ || v_recommended_pga_mb || ‘ MB’);
end if;
end optimize_pga_memory;
/
Procedure created.
# 2. 执行优化存储过程
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> exec optimize_pga_memory;
PGA usage is 85%
Recommended PGA size: 384 MB
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
# 3. 应用优化建议
SQL> alter system set pga_aggregate_target = 6144M scope=both;
System altered.
# 4. 创建定时任务
SQL> begin
dbms_scheduler.create_job(
job_name => ‘OPTIMIZE_PGA_MEMORY_JOB’,
job_type => ‘STORED_PROCEDURE’,
job_action => ‘OPTIMIZE_PGA_MEMORY’,
start_date => systimestamp,
repeat_interval => ‘FREQ=DAILY;INTERVAL=1’,
enabled => true
);
end;
/
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Part05-风哥经验总结与分享
5.1 ORA-04030错误总结
Oracle ORA-04030错误是进程内存不足错误，具有以下特点：
- 进程内存不足：无法分配私有内存
- PGA内存：PGA内存不足
- 私有内存：进程私有内存不足
- 内存分配：内存分配失败
- 需要调整：需要调整PGA内存参数
5.2 ORA-04030错误检查清单
Oracle ORA-04030错误检查清单：
- 错误识别：识别错误信息和参数
- 错误分析：分析PGA内存使用情况
- 错误处理：处理错误问题
- 错误验证：验证处理结果
- 错误预防：制定预防措施
- 错误记录：记录处理过程
5.3 ORA-04030错误工具推荐
Oracle ORA-04030错误工具推荐：
- SQL*Plus：命令行工具
- SQL Developer：图形化工具
- Enterprise Manager：企业级管理工具
- AWR报告：自动工作负载仓库报告
- ASH报告：活动会话历史报告
- Statspack：性能统计包
- ADDM：自动数据库诊断监视器
本文由风哥教程整理发布,仅用于学习测试使用,转载注明出处:http://www.fgedu.net.cn/10327.html
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