# 步骤1：登录GCP控制台
https://console.cloud.google.com

# 步骤2：创建Cloud SQL实例
1. 在GCP控制台中，导航到”SQL”服务
2. 点击”创建实例”
3. 选择”MySQL”
4. 点击”下一步”

# 步骤3：配置实例信息
– 实例ID：输入唯一的实例ID
– 密码：设置root用户密码
– 数据库版本：选择MySQL版本（8.0或5.7）
– 区域：选择合适的GCP区域
– 可用区：选择可用区

# 步骤4：配置机器类型和存储
– 机器类型：选择合适的机器类型
– 存储类型：选择SSD或HDD
– 存储容量：设置存储容量

# 步骤5：配置连接
– 公共IP：选择是否启用公共IP
– 私有IP：选择是否启用私有IP
– 授权网络：添加允许访问的IP地址

# 步骤6：完成创建
点击”创建”

# 步骤7：连接到Cloud SQL for MySQL
# 使用gcloud命令行工具连接
# gcloud sql connect instance-name –user=root

# 输出示例
Whitelisting your IP for incoming connection for 5 minutes…done.
Connecting to database with SQL user [root].Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12345
Server version: 8.0.26-google (Google)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

# 步骤1：创建GCP虚拟机
1. 在GCP控制台中，导航到”Compute Engine” → “VM实例”
2. 点击”创建实例”
3. 配置实例基本信息：
– 名称：输入实例名称
– 区域：选择合适的GCP区域
– 机器类型：选择合适的机器类型
– 启动磁盘：选择Linux发行版（如Ubuntu 20.04 LTS）
– 防火墙：选择”允许HTTP流量”和”允许HTTPS流量”

# 步骤2：完成创建
点击”创建”

# 步骤3：连接到虚拟机
# 使用SSH连接到虚拟机
# gcloud compute ssh instance-name

# 步骤4：在虚拟机上安装MySQL
# 更新系统
# sudo apt update
# sudo apt upgrade -y

# 安装MySQL
# sudo apt install mysql-server -y

# 启动MySQL服务
# sudo systemctl start mysql
# sudo systemctl enable mysql

# 安全配置
# sudo mysql_secure_installation

# 配置远程访问
# sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
# 将bind-address = 127.0.0.1修改为bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# 重启MySQL服务
# sudo systemctl restart mysql

# 创建远程访问用户
# sudo mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘Password123!’;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> EXIT;

# 配置GCP防火墙规则
# 在GCP控制台中，导航到”VPC网络” → “防火墙”
# 点击”创建防火墙规则”
# 配置规则：
# – 名称：allow-mysql
# – 目标：指定目标标签
# – 来源IP范围：0.0.0.0/0
# – 协议和端口：tcp:3306
# – 操作：允许

# 验证MySQL服务状态
# sudo systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service – MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2026-04-01 10:00:00 UTC; 1min ago
Process: 12345 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12346 (mysqld)
Tasks: 38 (limit: 4915)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─12346 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Apr 01 10:00:00 instance-name systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server…
Apr 01 10:00:00 instance-name systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

# 配置MySQL参数
# sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
[mysqld]
# 基础配置
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

# 内存配置
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
key_buffer_size=256M
sort_buffer_size=2M
read_buffer_size=2M
read_rnd_buffer_size=4M
join_buffer_size=4M

# 连接配置
max_connections=500
max_connect_errors=10000
wait_timeout=3600
interactive_timeout=3600

# 日志配置
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/var/log/mysql/slow.log
long_query_time=1
log_bin=/var/log/mysql/binlog/mysql-bin
expire_logs_days=7

# 存储引擎配置
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size=512M
innodb_log_buffer_size=32M

# 重启MySQL服务
# sudo systemctl restart mysql

# 验证配置
# mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘innodb_buffer_pool_size’;”
+————————-+————+
| Variable_name | Value |
+————————-+————+
| innodb_buffer_pool_size | 2147483648 |
+————————-+————+

# 验证远程连接
# mysql -h instance-external-ip -u fgedu -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12345
Server version: 8.0.25-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

# 案例：部署Cloud SQL for MySQL实例

# 步骤1：登录gcloud CLI
# gcloud auth login

# 步骤2：设置项目
# gcloud config set project fgedu-project

# 步骤3：创建Cloud SQL实例
# gcloud sql instances create fgedu-mysql-instance \
–database-version=MYSQL_8_0 \
–tier=db-n1-standard-2 \
–region=asia-east1 \
–storage-type=SSD \
–storage-size=10 \
–root-password=Password123!

# 步骤4：配置防火墙规则
# gcloud sql instances patch fgedu-mysql-instance \
–authorized-networks=0.0.0.0/0

# 步骤5：连接到实例
# gcloud sql connect fgedu-mysql-instance –user=root

# 步骤6：创建数据库和用户
mysql> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘Password123!’;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON fgedudb.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 步骤7：验证数据库
mysql> USE fgedudb;
mysql> CREATE TABLE fgedu_users (id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(50), email VARCHAR(100));
mysql> INSERT INTO fgedu_users (name, email) VALUES (‘张三’, ‘zhangsan@fgedu.net.cn’);
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;
+—-+——–+————————+
| id | name | email |
+—-+——–+————————+
| 1 | 张三 | zhangsan@fgedu.net.cn |
+—-+——–+————————+

# 案例：在Ubuntu虚拟机上部署MySQL

# 步骤1：创建GCP虚拟机
# gcloud compute instances create fgedu-mysql-vm \
–machine-type=e2-medium \
–image-family=ubuntu-2004-lts \
–image-project=ubuntu-os-cloud \
–zone=asia-east1-a \
–tags=mysql-server \
–metadata=startup-script=’#!/bin/bash
apt update
apt install -y mysql-server
‘

# 步骤2：配置防火墙规则
# gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-mysql \
–direction=INGRESS \
–priority=1000 \
–network=default \
–action=ALLOW \
–rules=tcp:3306 \
–source-ranges=0.0.0.0/0 \
–target-tags=mysql-server

# 步骤3：连接到虚拟机
# gcloud compute ssh fgedu-mysql-vm

# 步骤4：安全配置
# sudo mysql_secure_installation

# 步骤5：配置远程访问
# sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
# 将bind-address = 127.0.0.1修改为bind-address = 0.0.0.0

# 步骤6：重启MySQL服务
# sudo systemctl restart mysql

# 步骤7：创建远程访问用户
# sudo mysql -u root -p
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘Password123!’;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> EXIT;

# 步骤8：验证MySQL服务
# sudo systemctl status mysql

# 步骤9：验证远程连接
# mysql -h $(gcloud compute instances describe fgedu-mysql-vm –format=’get(networkInterfaces[0].accessConfigs[0].natIP)’) -u fgedu -p

# 步骤10：创建数据库和表
mysql> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;
mysql> USE fgedudb;
mysql> CREATE TABLE fgedu_users (id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(50), email VARCHAR(100));
mysql> INSERT INTO fgedu_users (name, email) VALUES (‘李四’, ‘lisi@fgedu.net.cn’);
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;
+—-+——–+———————-+
| id | name | email |
+—-+——–+———————-+
| 1 | 李四 | lisi@fgedu.net.cn |
+—-+——–+———————-+