# 查看MySQL客户端工具
# ls -la /usr/bin/mysql*
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3535840 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysql
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3524760 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqladmin
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3524760 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlbinlog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3531088 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlcheck
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3489688 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqldump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3504344 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlimport
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3540592 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlpump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3524760 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlshow
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3475128 Mar 15 10:00 /usr/bin/mysqlslap

# 查看MySQL客户端配置文件位置
# mysql –help | grep my.cnf
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

# 查看配置文件内容
# cat ~/.my.cnf
[client]
user=root
password=password
host=localhost
port=3306

# 安装MySQL客户端工具
# yum install -y mysql-community-client

# 配置环境变量
# vi ~/.bashrc
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin

# 使环境变量生效
# source ~/.bashrc

# 验证安装
# mysql –version
mysql Ver 8.0.36 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server – GPL)

# 安全连接MySQL服务器
# mysql -u root -p –ssl-mode=REQUIRED
Enter password:

# 避免在命令行中指定密码
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:

# 正确设置MySQL客户端工具权限
# chmod 755 /usr/bin/mysql
# chown root:root /usr/bin/mysql

# 使用mysql客户端连接数据库
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 123
Server version: 8.0.36 MySQL Community Server – GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> USE fgedudb;
Database changed

mysql> CREATE TABLE fgedu_users (id INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(50));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO fgedu_users VALUES (1, ‘John’);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;
+—-+——+
| id | name |
+—-+——+
| 1 | John |
+—-+——+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

# 使用mysqladmin管理MySQL服务器
# mysqladmin -u root -p status
Enter password:
Uptime: 3600 Threads: 10 Questions: 1000 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 100 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 50 Queries per second avg: 0.277

# 使用mysqlcheck检查和修复数据库
# mysqlcheck -u root -p –check fgedudb
Enter password:
fgedudb.fgedu_users OK

# 使用mysqlshow显示数据库和表信息
# mysqlshow -u root -p fgedudb
Enter password:
Database: fgedudb
+—————+
| Tables |
+—————+
| fgedu_users |
+—————+

# 使用mysqlimport导入数据
# echo “2,Alice” > /tmp/users.csv
# mysqlimport -u root -p –fields-terminated-by=, fgedudb /tmp/users.csv
Enter password:
fgedudb.fgedu_users: Records: 1 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0

# 创建MySQL备份脚本
# vi backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
# backup.sh
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn

DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)
BACKUP_DIR=”/backup”
MYSQL_USER=”root”
MYSQL_PASS=”password”

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

# 备份所有数据库
mysqldump -u $MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASS –all-databases > $BACKUP_DIR/all_databases_$DATE.sql

# 压缩备份文件
gzip $BACKUP_DIR/all_databases_$DATE.sql

echo “Backup completed: $BACKUP_DIR/all_databases_$DATE.sql.gz”

# 执行脚本
# chmod +x backup.sh
# ./backup.sh
Backup completed: /backup/all_databases_20260401.sql.gz