## 1. 安装PMMServer

### 使用Docker安装
$ docker run -d \
–name pmm-server \
-p 80:80 \
-v /path/to/pmm-data:/srv \
–restart always \
percona/pmm-server:latest

### 使用Docker Compose安装
version: ‘3’
services:
pmm-server:
image: percona/pmm-server:latest
ports:
– “80:80”
volumes:
– pmm-data:/srv
restart: always

volumes:
pmm-data:

## 2. 安装PMMClient

### 在Ubuntu/Debian上安装
$ wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install pmm2-client

### 在CentOS/RHEL上安装
$ sudo yum install https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm
$ sudo yum install pmm2-client

## 3. 注册PMMClient
$ pmm-admin config –server-insecure-tls –server-url=https://admin:admin@

## 4. 添加MySQL实例
$ pmm-admin add mysql –user=root –password=password –host=localhost –port=3306 mysql-instance

## 5. 验证监控
– 访问PMMServer Web界面：http:// – 用户名：admin
– 密码：admin

## 6. 查看监控数据
– 仪表板：查看MySQL实例的各项指标
– 查询分析：分析慢查询
– 实例摘要：查看实例的整体状态
– 性能模式：查看详细的性能数据

## 7. 配置告警
– 进入Alerting > Alert Rules
– 创建告警规则
– 设置告警阈值
– 配置告警渠道

## 8. 常用命令
# 查看已添加的实例
$ pmm-admin list

# 移除实例
$ pmm-admin remove mysql mysql-instance

# 检查连接状态
$ pmm-admin check-network

# 查看PMMClient版本
$ pmm-admin –version

## 1. 安装Prometheus

### 使用Docker安装
$ docker run -d \
–name prometheus \
-p 9090:9090 \
-v /path/to/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
prom/prometheus

### 配置prometheus.yml
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
– job_name: ‘mysql’
static_configs:
– targets: [‘mysql-exporter:9104’]

## 2. 安装MySQL Exporter

### 使用Docker安装
$ docker run -d \
–name mysql-exporter \
-p 9104:9104 \
-e DATA_SOURCE_NAME=”exporter:password@(mysql:3306)/” \
prom/mysqld-exporter

### 配置MySQL用户
CREATE USER ‘exporter’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’ WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO ‘exporter’@’%’;

## 3. 安装Grafana

### 使用Docker安装
$ docker run -d \
–name grafana \
-p 3000:3000 \
grafana/grafana

### 使用Docker Compose安装
version: ‘3’
services:
prometheus:
image: prom/prometheus
ports:
– “9090:9090”
volumes:
– ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

mysql-exporter:
image: prom/mysqld-exporter
environment:
– DATA_SOURCE_NAME=exporter:password@(mysql:3306)/
ports:
– “9104:9104”

grafana:
image: grafana/grafana
ports:
– “3000:3000”
volumes:
– grafana-data:/var/lib/grafana

volumes:
grafana-data:

## 4. 配置Grafana
– 访问Grafana Web界面：http://localhost:3000
– 用户名：admin
– 密码：admin

### 添加数据源
– 进入Configuration > Data sources
– 点击Add data source
– 选择Prometheus
– URL：http://prometheus:9090
– 点击Save & Test

### 导入仪表板
– 进入Dashboards > Import
– 输入仪表板ID：7362（MySQL Overview）
– 选择Prometheus数据源
– 点击Import

## 5. 查看监控数据
– 进入Dashboards > Manage
– 选择MySQL Overview仪表板
– 查看各项监控指标

## 6. 配置告警
– 进入Alerting > Alert rules
– 创建告警规则
– 设置告警阈值
– 配置告警渠道

## 7. 常用查询
# 查看MySQL连接数
mysql_global_status_threads_connected

# 查看MySQL查询数
rate(mysql_global_status_questions[5m])

# 查看MySQL慢查询数
rate(mysql_global_status_slow_queries[5m])

# 查看InnoDB缓冲池使用率
100 * (1 – (mysql_global_status_innodb_buffer_pool_pages_free / mysql_global_status_innodb_buffer_pool_pages_total))

## 1. 安装Nagios

### 在Ubuntu/Debian上安装
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install nagios4 nagios-plugins-contrib

### 在CentOS/RHEL上安装
$ sudo yum install epel-release
$ sudo yum install nagios nagios-plugins-all

## 2. 安装MySQL插件
$ sudo apt install monitoring-plugins-contrib
# 或
$ sudo yum install nagios-plugins-mysql

## 3. 配置MySQL监控用户
CREATE USER ‘nagios’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’ WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT SELECT ON mysql.* TO ‘nagios’@’localhost’;

## 4. 配置Nagios命令
# /etc/nagios4/commands.cfg 或 /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg

define command {
command_name check_mysql
command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u nagios -p password
}

define command {
command_name check_mysql_health
command_line /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_mysql_health –hostname=$HOSTADDRESS$ –username=nagios –password=password –mode=$ARG1$
}

## 5. 配置MySQL主机
# /etc/nagios4/conf.d/mysql.cfg 或 /etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg

define host {
use generic-host
host_name mysql-server
alias MySQL Server
address 127.0.0.1
check_period 24×7
check_interval 5
retry_interval 1
max_check_attempts 3
check_command check-host-alive
notification_period 24×7
notification_interval 30
notification_options d,u,r
contact_groups admins
}

## 6. 配置MySQL服务

define service {
use generic-service
host_name mysql-server
service_description MySQL Status
check_command check_mysql
check_interval 5
retry_interval 1
max_check_attempts 3
notification_period 24×7
notification_interval 30
notification_options w,c,u
contact_groups admins
}

define service {
use generic-service
host_name mysql-server
service_description MySQL Connections
check_command check_mysql_health!connections
check_interval 5
retry_interval 1
max_check_attempts 3
notification_period 24×7
notification_interval 30
notification_options w,c,u
contact_groups admins
}

define service {
use generic-service
host_name mysql-server
service_description MySQL Slow Queries
check_command check_mysql_health!slow-queries
check_interval 5
retry_interval 1
max_check_attempts 3
notification_period 24×7
notification_interval 30
notification_options w,c,u
contact_groups admins
}

## 7. 重启Nagios
$ sudo systemctl restart nagios4
# 或
$ sudo systemctl restart nagios

## 8. 访问Nagios Web界面
– URL：http://localhost/nagios4 或 http://localhost/nagios
– 用户名：nagiosadmin
– 密码：安装时设置的密码

## 9. 查看监控状态
– 进入Services页面
– 查看MySQL相关服务的状态
– 查看告警信息

## 10. 常用插件模式
– connections：连接数
– slow-queries：慢查询数
– uptime：运行时间
– threads-connected：当前连接数
– threads-running：当前运行的线程数
– innodb-buffer-pool-utilization：InnoDB缓冲池使用率
– innodb-log-waits：InnoDB日志等待
– slave-lag：从库延迟