# 安装NFS服务器
$ sudo dnf install -y nfs-utils
Last metadata expiration check: 0:45:23 ago on Thu 03 Apr 2026 23:15:15 AM CST.
Package nfs-utils-1:2.5.4-20.el9.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
Nothing to do.
Complete!

# 启动NFS服务
$ sudo systemctl start nfs-server

# 设置开机自启动
$ sudo systemctl enable nfs-server
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.

# 查看服务状态
$ sudo systemctl status nfs-server
● nfs-server.service – NFS server and services
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Drop-In: /run/systemd/generator/nfs-server.service.d
└─order-with-mounts.conf
Active: active (exited) since Thu 2026-04-03 23:15:00 CST; 10s ago
Process: 12368 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/exportfs -r (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12369 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CPU: 15ms

Apr 03 23:15:00 rhel10 systemd[1]: Starting NFS server and services…
Apr 03 23:15:00 rhel10 systemd[1]: Finished NFS server and services.

# 配置防火墙
$ sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-service=nfs
success
$ sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-service=rpc-bind
success
$ sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-service=mountd
success
$ sudo firewall-cmd –reload
success

# 查看NFS版本
$ sudo cat /proc/fs/nfsd/versions
-2 +3 +4 +4.1 +4.2

# 创建共享目录
$ sudo mkdir -p /data/share
$ sudo chmod 777 /data/share

# 编辑exports文件
$ sudo tee /etc/exports << EOF /data/share 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) /data/share 192.168.2.0/24(ro,sync,no_subtree_check) /home *(rw,sync,no_root_squash) /var/ftp/pub 192.168.1.1更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com00(rw,sync) 192.168.1.101(ro) EOF # 导出配置 $ sudo exportfs -ra # 查看导出列表 $ sudo exportfs -学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-comv /data/share 192.168.1.0/24(sync,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash) /data/share 192.168.2.0/24(sync,wdelay,hide,no_s学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174ubtree_check,sec=sys,ro,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash) /home (sync,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
/var/ftp/pub 192.168.1.100(sync,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,rw,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash)
/var/ftp/pub 192.168.1.101(sync,wdelay,hide,no_subtree_check,sec=sys,ro,secure,root_squash,no_all_squash)

# 重新加载NFS服务
$ sudo systemctl reload nfs-server

# 查看NFS统计信息
$ sudo nfsstat -s
Server rpc stats:
calls badcalls badclnt badauth xdrcall
100 0 0 0 0

Server nfs v3:
null getattr setattr lookup access readlink
3 0% 50 50% 10 10% 5 5% 10 10% 2 2%

# 安装NFS客户端
$ sudo dnf install -y nfs-utils

# 查看服务器共享
$ showmount -e 192.168.1.100
Export list for 192.168.1.100:
/data/share 192.168.2.0/24,192.168.1.0/24
/home

# 创建挂载点
$ sudo mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/share

# 临时挂载
$ sudo mount -t nfs 192.168.1.100:/data/share /mnt/nfs/share

# 查看挂载
$ df -h | grep nfs
192.168.1.100:/data/share 50G 10G 40G 20% /mnt/nfs/share

# 测试写入
$ sudo touch /mnt/nfs/share/test.txt
$ ls -l /mnt/nfs/share/test.txt
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 0 Apr 3 23:20:00 /mnt/nfs/share/test.txt

# 永久挂载
$ sudo tee -a /etc/fstab << EOF 192.168.1.100:/data/share /mnt/nfs/share nfs defaults,_netdev 0 0 EOF # 挂载所有文件系统 $ sudo mount -a # 查看挂载选项 $ mount | grep nfs 192.168.1.100:/data/share on /mnt/nfs/share type nfs4 (rw,relatime,vers=4.2,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,namlen=255,hard,proto=tcp,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=192.168.1.10,local_lock=none,addr=192.168.1.100) # 卸载NFS共享 $ sudo umount /mnt/nfs/share # 强制卸载 $ sudo umount -l /mnt/nfs/share

# 配置NFSv4伪文件系统
$ sudo mkdir -p /export/share
$ sudo mount –bind /data/share /export/share

# 编辑fstab
$ sudo tee -a /etc/fstab << EOF /data/share /export/share none bind 0 0 EOF # 配置NFSv4导出 $ sudo tee /etc/exports << EOF /export 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,fsid=0,no_subtree_check) /export/share 192.168.1.0/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check) EOF # 重新导出 $ sudo exportfs -ra # 客户端挂载NFSv4 $ sudo mount -t nfs4 192.168.1.100:/share /mnt/nfs/share # 配置NFS安全 $ sudo tee /etc/sysconfig/nfs << EOF # NFSv4配置 RPCNFSDARGS="-N 2 -N 3" RPCNFSDCOUNT=8 RPCMOUNTDOPTS="-p 20048" STATDARG="-p 20049" LOCKDARG="-p 20050" RQUOTADARG="-p 20051" EOF # 重启NFS服务 $ sudo systemctl restart nfs-server # 配置防火墙端口 $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=20048/tcp $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=20048/udp $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=20049/tcp $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=20050/tcp $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=20051/tcp $ sudo firewall-cmd --reload

# 服务器端优化
$ sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF # NFS优化 net.core.rmem_max=16777216 net.core.wmem_max=16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=4096 87380 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=4096 65536 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling=1 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps=1 net.ipv4.tcp_sack=1 EOF $ sudo sysctl -p # 客户端挂载优化 $ sudo mount -t nfs -o rw,hard,intr,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,timeo=600,retrans=2 192.168.1.100:/data/share /mnt/nfs/share # 永久挂载优化 $ sudo tee -a /etc/fstab << EOF 192.168.1.100:/data/share /mnt/nfs/share nfs rw,hard,intr,rsize=1048576,wsize=1048576,timeo=600,retrans=2,_netdev 0 0 EOF # 查看NFS统计 $ sudo nfsstat -c Client rpc stats: calls retrans authrefrsh 100 0 100 Client nfs v4: null read write commit open open_conf 0 0% 50 50% 10 10% 5 5% 10 10% 2 2% # 测试NFS性能 $ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/nfs/share/testfile bs=1M count=100 100+0 rfrom PG视频:www.itpux.comecords in 100+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB, 100 MiB) copied, 1.23456 s, 84.9 MB/s # 监控NFS性能 $ sudo nfsiostat 1 mounted on:/data/share op/s rpc bklog 10.00 0.00 read: ops/s kB/s kB/op retrans avg RTT (ms) avg exe (ms) 5.00 512.0 102.4 0 1.23 2.34 write: ops/s kB/s kB/op retrans avg RTT (ms) avg exe (ms) 5.00 512.0 102.4 0 1.45 2.56