# 查看系统磁盘
[root@raid-server ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
sdb 8:16 0 931.5G 0 disk
sdc 8:32 0 931.5G 0 disk
sdd 8:48 0 931.5G 0 disk
sde 8:64 0 931.5G 0 disk

# 安装mdadm工具
[root@raid-server ~]# dnf install -y mdadm
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:05:23 ago on Fri Apr 4 18:10:00 2026.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
mdadm x86_64 4.2-9.更多视频教程www.fgedu.net.cnel9 baseos 500 k

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package

Total download size: 500 k
Installed siz学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174e: 1.5 M
Downloading Packages:
mdadm-4.2-9.el9.x86_64.rpm 1.0 MB/s | 500 kB 00:00
——————————————————————————–
Total 1.0 MB/s | 500 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : mdadm-4.2-9.el9.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: mdadm-4.2-9.el9.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : mdadm-4.2-9.el9.x86_64 1/1

Installed:
mdadm-4.2-9.el9.x86_64

Complete!

# 创建RAID0
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –create /dev/md0 –level=0 –raid-devices=2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.

# 查看RAID状态
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0]
md0 : active raid0 sdc[1] sdb[0]
1953280000 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks

unused devices:

# 查看详细信息
[root@raid-serverfrom PG视频:www.itpux.com ~]# mdadm –detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Fri Apr 4 18:15:00 2026
Raid Level : raid0
Array Size : 1953280000 (1863.01 GiB 2000.16 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Update Time : Fri Apr 4 18:15:00 2026
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : none

Name : raid-server:0 (local to host raid-server)
UUID : 12345678:90abcdef:12345678:90abcdef
Events : 0

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb
1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc

# 格式化并挂载
[root@raid-server ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/md0
meta-data=/dev/md0 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=122080000 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
= reflink=1 bigtime=1 inobtcount=1
data = bsize=4096 blocks=488320000, imaxpct=5
= sunit=128 swidth=256 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=238437, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=128 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0

[root@raid-server ~]# mkdir /data/raid0
[root@raid-server ~]# mount /dev/md0 /data/raid0

# 创建RAID1
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –create /dev/md1 –level=1 –raid-devices=2 /dev/sdd /dev/sde
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store ‘/boot’ on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
–metadata=0.90
mdadm: largest drive (/dev/sdd) exceeds size (976628736K) by more than 1%
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.

# 查看同步进度
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sde[1] sdd[0]
976628736 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
[>………………..] resync = 0.0% (512000/976628736) finish=120.0min speed=135728K/sec
bitmap: 8/8 pages [32KB], 65536KB chunk

md0 : active raid0 sdc[1] sdb[0]
1953280000 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks

unused devices:

# 等待同步完成
[root@raid-server ~]# watch cat /proc/mdstat
Every 2.0s: cat /proc/mdstat

Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sde[1] sdd[0]
976628736 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 0/8 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

md0 : active raid0 sdc[1] sdb[0]
1953280000 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks

unused devices:

# 查看详细信息
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –detail /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Fri Apr 4 18:20:00 2026
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 976628736 (931.39 GiB 1000.07 GB)
Used Dev Size : 976628736 (931.39 GiB 1000.07 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Intent Bitmap : Internal

Update Time : Fri Apr 4 18:25:00 2026
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : bitmap

Name : raid-server:1 (local to host raid-server)
UUID : abcdef12:34567890:abcdef12:34567890
Events : 10

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 48 0 active sync /dev/sdd
1 8 64 1 active sync /dev/sde

# 创建RAID5（需要至少3块磁盘）
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –create /dev/md5 –level=5 –raid-devices=3 /dev/sdf /dev/sdg /dev/sdh
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md5 started.

# 查看同步进度
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md5 : active raid5 sdh[3] sdg[1] sdf[0]
1953271808 blocks super 1.2 level 5, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [3/3] [UUU]
[>………………..] resync = 0.0% (512000/1953271808) finish=180.0min speed=180728K/sec
bitmap: 0/15 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

unused devices:

# 查看详细信息
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –detail /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Fri Apr 4 18:30:00 2026
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 1953271808 (1863.00 GiB 2000.15 GB)
Used Dev Size : 976635904 (931.50 GiB 1000.08 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Persistence : Superblock is persistent

Intent Bitmap : Internal

Update Time : Fri Apr 4 18:35:00 2026
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0

Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K

Consistency Policy : bitmap

Name : raid-server:5 (local to host raid-server)
UUID : 56789012:cdef1234:56789012:cdef1234
Events : 20

Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 80 0 active sync /dev/sdf
1 8 96 1 active sync /dev/sdg
3 8 112 2 active sync /dev/sdh

# 模拟磁盘故障
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –manage /dev/md1 –fail /dev/sdd
mdadm: set /dev/sdd faulty in /dev/md1

# 查看状态
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md1 : active raid1 sde[1] sdd[0](F)
976628736 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
bitmap: 0/8 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk

unused devices:

# 移除故障磁盘
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –manage /dev/md1 –remove /dev/sdd
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdd from /dev/md1

# 添加新磁盘
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –manage /dev/md1 –add /dev/sdi
mdadm: added /dev/sdi

# 查看重建进度
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md1 : active raid1 sdi[2] sde[1]
976628736 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U]
[>……..更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com…………] recovery = 0.0% (512000/976628736) finish=120.0min speed=135728K/sec
bitmap: 8/8 pages [32KB], 65536KB chunk

unused devices:

# 保存RAID配置
[root@raid-server ~]# mdadm –detail –scan >> /etc/mdadm.conf
[root@raid-server ~]# cat /etc/mdadm.conf
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.2 name=raid-server:0 UUID=12345678:90abcdef:12345678:90abcdef
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.2 name=raid-server:1 UUID=abcdef12:34567890:abcdef12:34567890
ARRAY /dev/md5 metadata=1.2 name=raid-server:5 UUID=56789012:cdef1234:56789012:cdef1234