# 初始化Master节点
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubeadm init –pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com–service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.28.3
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using ‘kubeadm config images pull’
[certs] Using certificateDir folder “/etc/kubernetes/pki”
[certs] Generating “ca” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “apiserver” certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [fgedu-k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.1.100]
[certs] Generating “apiserver-kubelet-client” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “front-proxy-ca” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “front-proxy-client” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “etcd/ca” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “etcd/server” certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [fgedu-k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.100 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating “etcd/peer” certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [fgedu-k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.1.100 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating “etcd/healthcheck-client” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “apiserver-etcd-client” certificate and key
[certs] Generating “sa” key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder “/etc/kubernetes”
[kubeconfig] Writing “admin.conf” kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing “kubelet.conf” kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing “controller-manager.conf” kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing “scheduler.conf” kubeconfig file
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in “/etc/kubernetes/manifests”
[control-plane] Using manifest folder “/etc/kubernetes/manifests”
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for “kube-apiserver”
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for “kube-controller-manager”
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for “kube-scheduler”
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file “/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml”
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file “/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env”
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap…

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

# 配置kubectl
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

# 安装网络插件
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/flannel-io/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
namespace/kube-flannel created
serviceaccount/flannel created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.更多视频教程www.fgedu.net.cnio/flannel created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created
configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created
daemonset.apps/kube-flannel-ds created

# 查看节点状态
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
fgedu-k8s-master Ready control-plane 5m v1.28.3

Part02-微服务部署

2.1 部署微服务应用

# 创建命名空间
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl create namespace fgedu-micro
namespace/fgedu-micro created

# 部署用户服务
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-user-service.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: fgedu-user-service namespace: fgedu-micro spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: fgedu-user-service template: metadata: labels: app: fgedu-user-service spec: containers: - name: user-service image: 192.168.1.100:30002/fgedu/user-service:1.0.0 ports: - containerPort: 8080 resources: requests: cpu: 200m memory: 256Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 512Mi livenessProbe: httpGet: path: /actuator/health port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 60 periodSeconds: 10 readinessProbe: httpGet: path: /actuator/health port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 30 periodSeconds: 5 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: fgedu-user-service namespace: fgedu-micro spec: ports: - port: 8080 selector: app: fgedu-user-service EOF [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-user-service.yaml deployment.apps/fgedu-user-service created service/fgedu-user-service created # 部署API网关 [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-api-gateway.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: fgedu-api-gateway namespace: fgedu-micro spec: replicas: 2 selector: matchLabels: app: fgedu-api-gateway template: metadata: labels: app: fgedu-api-gateway spec: containers: - name: gateway image: 192.168.1.100:30002/fgedu/api-gateway:1.0.0 ports: - containerPort: 8080 env: - name: USER_SERVICE_URL value: "http://fgedu-user-service:8080" --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: fgedu-api-gateway namespace: fgedu-micro spec: type: LoadBalancer ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 8080 selector: app: fgedu-api-gateway EOF [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-api-gateway.yaml deployment.apps/fgedu-api-gateway created service/fgedu-api-gateway created

# 创建ConfigMap
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-configmap.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: fgedu-app-config namespace: fgedu-micro data: application.yml: | server: port: 8080 spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://fgedu-mysql:3306/fgedu_db driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver redis: host: fgedu-redis port: 6379 logging: level: root: INFO com.fgedu: DEBUG EOF [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-configmap.yaml configmap/fgedu-app-config created # 创建Secret [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl create secret generic fgedu-db-secret \ --from-literal=mysql-root-password=MySQL@123 \ --from-literal=mysql-user=fgedu \ --from-literal=mysql-password=Fgedu@123 \ -n fgedu-micro secret/fgedu-db-secret created # 部署MySQL [r学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174oot@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-mysql.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: StatefulSet metadata: name: fgedu-mysql namespace: fgedu-micro spec: serviceName: fgedu-mysql replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: fgedu-mysql template: metadata: labels: app: fgedu-mysql spec: containers: - name: mysql image: mysql:8.0 ports: - containerPort: 3306 env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD valueFrom: secretKeyRef: name: fgedu-db-secret key: mysql-root-password volumeMounts: - name: data mountPath: /var/lib/mysql volumeClaimTemplates: - metadata: name: data spec: accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"] resources: requests: storage: 50Gi --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: fgedu-mysql namespace: fgedu-micro spec: ports: - port: 3306 clusterIP: None selector: app: fgedu-mysql EOF [root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-mysql.yaml statefulset.apps/fgedu-mysql created service/fgedu-mysql created

# 部署Prometheus
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
“prometheus-community” has been added to your repositories

[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# helm install prometheus prometheus-community/prometheus -n monitoring –create-namespace
NAME: prometheus
LAST DEPLOYED: Sat Apr 4 23:00:00 2026
NAMESPACE: monitoring
STATUS: deployed

# 查看服务状态
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl get pods -n fgedu-micro
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
fgedu-api-gateway-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
fgedu-api-gateway-def34-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
fgedu-mysql-0 1/1 Running 0 10m
fgedu-user-service-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
fgedu-user-service-def34-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
fgedu-user-service-ghi56-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m

# 配置HPA自动扩缩容
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl autoscale deployment fgedu-user-service –cpu-percent=70 –min=3 –max=10 -n fgedu-micro
horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling/fgedu-user-service autoscaled

# 查看HPA状态
[root@fgedu-k8s-master ~]# kubectl get hpa -n fgedu-micro
NAME REFERENCE TARGETS MINPODS MAXPODS REPLICAS AGE
fgedu-user-service Deployment/fgedu-user-service 10%/70% 3 10 3 1m