1. 需求分析
在进行服务器硬件选型之前,必须先进行详细的需求分析,包括业务需求、性能需求、可靠性需求、扩展性需求等。更多学习教程www.fgedu.net.cn
2. CPU选型
CPU是服务器的核心组件,其性能直接影响服务器的整体性能。学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-com
$ lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 32
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-31
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 8
Socket(s): 2
NUMA node(s): 2
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 85
Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6248 CPU @ 2.50GHz
Stepping: 7
CPU MHz: 2500.000
CPU max MHz: 3900.0000
CPU min MHz: 1000.0000
BogoMIPS: 5000.00
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 1024K
L3 cache: 22528K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7,16-23
NUMA node1 CPU(s): 8-15,24-31
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid dca sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb cat_l3 cdp_l3 invpcid_single intel_ppin ssbd mba ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid cqm mpx rdt_a avx512f avx512dq rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb intel_pt avx512cd avx512bw avx512vl xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local dtherm ida arat pln pts hwp hwp_act_window hwp_epp hwp_pkg_req pku ospke avx512_vnni md_clear flush_l1d
3. 内存选型
内存是服务器性能的关键因素,足够的内存可以显著提高应用性能。学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174
$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 125G 1.2G 123G 16M 512M 124G
Swap: 32G 0B 32G
# 查看内存详细信息
$ dmidecode -t memory | grep -E “Size|Type|Speed”
4. 存储选型
存储系统的性能和可靠性对服务器整体性能至关重要。更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 500G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 499.5G 0 part
├─ol-root 252:0 0 100G 0 lvm /
├─ol-swap 252:1 0 32G 0 lvm [SWAP]
└─ol-data 252:2 0 367.5G 0 lvm /data
# 查看磁盘性能
$ hdparm -t /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing buffered disk reads: 1000 MB in 3.00 seconds = 333.33 MB/sec
5. 网络选型
网络接口卡(NIC)的性能直接影响服务器的网络通信能力。
$ lspci | grep -i ethernet
02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I350 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 01)
02:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation I350 Gigabit Network Connection (rev 01)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation X710-DA4 10GBASE-T (rev 01)
04:00.1 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation X710-DA4 10GBASE-T (rev 01)
# 查看网络接口状态
$ ip link show
1: lo:
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0:
link/ether 00:1b:21:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1:
link/ether 00:1b:21:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: eth2:
link/ether 00:1b:21:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: eth3:
link/ether 00:1b:21:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6. 机箱选型
机箱的选择应考虑服务器的部署环境、扩展性和维护性。
7. 电源选型
电源是服务器的重要组成部分,直接影响服务器的可靠性和能耗。
$ ipmitool power status
Chassis Power is on
# 查看电源详细信息
$ ipmitool fru list 0
8. 散热选型
良好的散热系统可以确保服务器在高负载下稳定运行。
$ ipmitool sensor list | grep -i temp
Ambient Temp | 22.000 | degrees C | ok | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 42.000 | 47.000 | 52.000
CPU1 Temp | 35.000 | degrees C | ok | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 80.000 | 85.000 | 90.000
CPU2 Temp | 36.000 | degrees C | ok | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 80.000 | 85.000 | 90.000
PCH Temp | 42.000 | degrees C | ok | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 80.000 | 85.000 | 90.000
9. 厂商选型
选择可靠的服务器厂商可以确保硬件质量和售后服务。
10. 成本分析
服务器硬件选型需要考虑初始购买成本、运维成本和升级成本。author:www.itpux.com
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