# 1. 全量备份
$ mongodump –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –out /mongodb/backup/full_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 2. 备份指定数据库
$ mongodump –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –db fgedudb –out /mongodb/backup/db_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 3. 备份指定集合
$ mongodump –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –db fgedudb –collection fgedu_users –out /mongodb/backup/collection_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 4. 压缩备份
$ mongodump –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –gzip –out /mongodb/backup/compressed_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 5. 定时备份脚本
#!/bin/bash
# backup.sh
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: `http://www.fgedu.net.cn`

# 设置备份目录
BACKUP_DIR=”/mongodb/backup”
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 创建备份目录
mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE

# 执行备份
mongodump –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –out $BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE

# 压缩备份
tar -czf $BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE.tar.gz $BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE

# 清理过期备份（保留7天）
find $BACKUP_DIR -name “full_backup_*” -type d -mtime +7 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $BACKUP_DIR -name “full_backup_*.tar.gz” -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm -f {} \;

# 1. 创建文件系统快照
# 对于LVM
$ lvcreate –snapshot –size 10G –name mongo_snap /dev/vg0/mongo

# 挂载快照
$ mkdir -p /mnt/mongo_snap
$ mount /dev/vg0/mongo_snap /mnt/mongo_snap

# 复制数据文件
$ cp -r /mnt/mongo_snap/* /mongodb/backup/snapshot_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 卸载快照
$ umount /mnt/mongo_snap

# 删除快照
$ lvremove /dev/vg0/mongo_snap

# 2. 定时快照备份脚本
#!/bin/bash
# snapshot_backup.sh
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: `http://www.fgedu.net.cn`

# 设置备份目录
BACKUP_DIR=”/mongodb/backup”
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 创建备份目录
mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/snapshot_backup_$DATE

# 创建快照
lvcreate –snapshot –size 10G –name mongo_snap /dev/vg0/mongo

# 挂载快照
mkdir -p /mnt/mongo_snap
mount /dev/vg0/mongo_snap /mnt/mongo_snap

# 复制数据文件
cp -r /mnt/mongo_snap/* $BACKUP_DIR/snapshot_backup_$DATE

# 卸载快照
umount /mnt/mongo_snap

# 删除快照
lvremove -f /dev/vg0/mongo_snap

# 压缩备份
tar -czf $BACKUP_DIR/snapshot_backup_$DATE.tar.gz $BACKUP_DIR/snapshot_backup_$DATE

# 清理过期备份（保留7天）
find $BACKUP_DIR -name “snapshot_backup_*” -type d -mtime +7 -exec rm -rf {} \;
find $BACKUP_DIR -name “snapshot_backup_*.tar.gz” -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm -f {} \;

# 1. 恢复全量备份
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin /mongodb/backup/full_backup_20230101

# 2. 恢复指定数据库
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –db fgedudb /mongodb/backup/db_backup_20230101/fgedudb

# 3. 恢复指定集合
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –db fgedudb –collection fgedu_users /mongodb/backup/collection_backup_20230101/fgedudb/fgedu_users.bson

# 4. 恢复压缩备份
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –gzip /mongodb/backup/compressed_backup_20230101

# 5. 恢复到新数据库
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin –db fgedudb_new /mongodb/backup/full_backup_20230101/fgedudb

# 1. 停止MongoDB服务
$ sudo systemctl stop mongod

# 2. 清理数据目录
$ rm -rf /mongodb/data/*

# 3. 恢复快照数据
$ cp -r /mongodb/backup/snapshot_backup_20230101/* /mongodb/data/

# 4. 修复数据（如果需要）
$ mongod –repair –dbpath /mongodb/data

# 5. 启动MongoDB服务
$ sudo systemctl start mongod

# 6. 验证数据
$ mongosh –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin
fgedudb> use fgedudb
fgedudb> db.fgedu_users.count()

# 1. 恢复全量备份
$ mongorestore –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin /mongodb/backup/full_backup_20230101

# 2. 应用oplog到指定时间点
$ mongosh –host 192.168.1.100 –port 27017 –username fgedu –password fgedu123 –authenticationDatabase admin << EOF use local var oplog = db.oplog.rs var startTimestamp = ISODate("2023-01-01T00:00:00Z") var endTimestamp = ISODate("2023-01-01T12:00:00Z") var cursor = oplog.find({ ts: { gte: Timestamp(startTimestamp.getTime() / 1000, 0), lte: Timestamp(endTimestamp.getTime() / 1000, 0) } }) cursor.forEach(function(op) { printjson(op) // 应用oplog操作 }) EOF # 3. 使用mongorestore的--oplogReplay选项 $ mongorestore --host 192.168.1.100 --port 27017 --username fgedu --password fgedu123 --authenticationDatabase admin --oplogReplay /mongodb/backup/full_backup_20230101

# 1. 监控备份执行状态
– 检查备份是否按时执行
– 检查备份是否成功完成
– 检查备份文件大小是否合理

# 2. 监控备份存储
– 检查备份存储空间是否充足
– 检查备份文件是否完整
– 检查备份文件是否被篡改

# 3. 监控恢复能力
– 定期测试恢复流程
– 检查恢复时间是否符合RTO要求
– 检查恢复数据是否完整

# 4. 监控工具
– 使用Prometheus和Grafana监控备份执行情况
– 使用脚本监控备份状态并发送告警
– 使用日志分析工具监控备份日志

# 5. 备份监控脚本
#!/bin/bash
# backup_monitor.sh
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: `http://www.fgedu.net.cn`

# 设置备份目录
BACKUP_DIR=”/mongodb/backup”
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 检查备份是否存在
if [ -f “$BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE.tar.gz” ]; then
echo “备份成功：$BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE.tar.gz”
else
echo “备份失败：$BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE.tar.gz 不存在”
# 发送告警
curl -X POST “https://api.example.com/alert” -d “message=MongoDB备份失败”
fi

# 检查备份大小
BACKUP_SIZE=$(du -m “$BACKUP_DIR/full_backup_$DATE.tar.gz” | cut -f1)
if [ $BACKUP_SIZE -lt 100 ]; then
echo “备份大小异常：$BACKUP_SIZE MB”
# 发送告警
curl -X POST “https://api.example.com/alert” -d “message=MongoDB备份大小异常”
fi

# 检查备份存储使用情况
STORAGE_USAGE=$(df -h /mongodb/backup | tail -1 | awk ‘{print $5}’ | sed ‘s/%//’)
if [ $STORAGE_USAGE -gt 80 ]; then
echo “备份存储空间不足：$STORAGE_USAGE%”
# 发送告警
curl -X POST “https://api.example.com/alert” -d “message=MongoDB备份存储空间不足”
fi