greatsql教程FG003-GreatSQL图形化安装过程与配置
内容简介
本教程详细介绍GreatSQL数据库的图形化安装过程，包括安装包下载、图形界面安装步骤、初始化配置等内容。风哥教程参考GreatSQL官方文档安装指南，帮助读者完成GreatSQL的完整安装过程。
图形化安装是一种直观、易用的安装方式，适合大多数用户。本教程将详细讲解每一个安装步骤，确保读者能够顺利完成GreatSQL的安装和配置。
目录大纲
Part01-基础概念与理论知识
1.1 图形化安装的优势
图形化安装的优势：
- 直观易用：通过图形界面操作，减少命令行操作的复杂度
- 步骤清晰：按照向导式流程进行，减少操作失误
- 配置可视化：可以通过界面直接配置参数，无需手动编辑配置文件
- 错误提示：安装过程中的错误会及时显示，便于排查
1.2 GreatSQL安装包获取
获取GreatSQL安装包的方式：
- 官方网站：https://greatsql.cn/
- Gitee仓库：https://gitee.com/GreatSQL/GreatSQL
- GitHub仓库：https://github.com/GreatSQL/GreatSQL
1.3 安装前准备回顾
安装前需要完成的准备工作：
- 系统环境检查
- 依赖包安装
- 系统参数配置
- 目录和用户创建
- 网络配置
Part02-生产环境规划与建议
2.1 安装模式选择
风哥提示：生产环境建议使用自定义安装模式，以便根据实际需求进行配置。
安装模式选择：
- 典型安装：适用于快速安装，使用默认配置
- 自定义安装：适用于生产环境，可以自定义配置
- 最小化安装：适用于资源有限的环境
2.2 安装路径规划
推荐的安装路径：
# 安装目录
/greatsql/app # GreatSQL软件安装目录
/greatsql/app # GreatSQL软件安装目录
# 数据目录
/greatsql/fgdata # 数据文件目录
# 日志目录
/greatsql/logs # 日志文件目录
2.3 配置参数规划
重要配置参数规划：
- 端口号：默认3306，可根据需要修改
- 字符集：推荐使用utf8mb4
- collation：推荐使用utf8mb4_unicode_ci
- 内存配置：根据服务器内存大小合理配置
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Part03-生产环境项目实施方案
3.1 安装包下载与校验
下载GreatSQL安装包并进行校验：
- 从官方网站下载对应版本的安装包
- 使用md5sum或sha256sum校验安装包完整性
- 解压安装包到指定目录
3.2 图形化安装步骤
图形化安装步骤：
- 启动图形化安装程序
- 选择安装语言
- 接受许可协议
- 选择安装类型
- 配置安装路径
- 配置数据目录
- 配置端口号和服务名
- 设置root密码
- 配置字符集
- 确认安装配置
- 开始安装
- 完成安装
3.3 初始化配置
初始化配置内容：
- 配置my.cnf文件
- 启动GreatSQL服务
- 设置开机自启
- 验证安装结果
Part04-生产案例与实战讲解
4.1 安装包下载
# 切换到greatsql用户 su – greatsql
# 下载GreatSQL安装包 wget https://greatsql.cn/download/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
# 下载GreatSQL安装包 wget https://greatsql.cn/download/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
–2026-04-09 10:00:00– https://greatsql.cn/download/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
Resolving greatsql.cn… 101.34.xx.xx
Connecting to greatsql.cn|101.34.xx.xx|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 654321000 (624M) [application/x-xz]
Saving to: ‘GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz’
GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz 100%[======================================================================>] 624.00M 10.0MB/s in 62s
2026-04-09 10:01:02 (10.0 MB/s) – ‘GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz’ saved [654321000/654321000]
Resolving greatsql.cn… 101.34.xx.xx
Connecting to greatsql.cn|101.34.xx.xx|:443… connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 654321000 (624M) [application/x-xz]
Saving to: ‘GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz’
GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz 100%[======================================================================>] 624.00M 10.0MB/s in 62s
2026-04-09 10:01:02 (10.0 MB/s) – ‘GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz’ saved [654321000/654321000]
# 校验安装包 md5sum GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
abcdef1234567890abcdef1234567890 GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
# 解压安装包 tar -xf GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz -C /greatsql/app/
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4.2 图形化安装过程
图形化安装步骤：
步骤1：启动图形化安装程序
# 启动图形化安装程序 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysql-installer
图形界面不显示时，用文字提示如下：
安装向导启动成功，进入欢迎页面
步骤2：选择安装类型
选择「自定义安装」选项，点击「下一步」
步骤3：配置安装路径
设置安装路径为：/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64
点击「下一步」
步骤4：配置数据目录
设置数据目录为：/greatsql/fgdata
点击「下一步」
步骤5：配置端口号和服务名
端口号：3306
服务名：greatsql
点击「下一步」
步骤6：设置root密码
设置root密码：GreatSQL123!
确认密码：GreatSQL123!
点击「下一步」
步骤7：配置字符集
字符集：utf8mb4
Collation：utf8mb4_unicode_ci
点击「下一步」
步骤8：确认安装配置
检查所有配置项，确认无误后点击「安装」
步骤9：开始安装
安装过程中会显示进度条，等待安装完成
步骤10：完成安装
安装完成后，点击「完成」按钮退出安装向导
4.3 安装后配置
# 创建配置文件
cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF [mysqld]
# 基础配置 basedir = /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 datadir = /greatsql/fgdata port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 字符集 character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
# 内存配置 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G
# 日志配置 log-error = /greatsql/logs/error.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /greatsql/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 2
# 其他配置 max_connections = 1000 innodb_file_per_table = 1 EOF
cat > /etc/my.cnf << EOF [mysqld]
# 基础配置 basedir = /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 datadir = /greatsql/fgdata port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 字符集 character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
# 内存配置 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8G
# 日志配置 log-error = /greatsql/logs/error.log slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /greatsql/logs/slow.log long_query_time = 2
# 其他配置 max_connections = 1000 innodb_file_per_table = 1 EOF
# 创建日志目录并设置权限
mkdir -p /greatsql/logs chown -R greatsql:greatsql /greatsql/logs/
mkdir -p /greatsql/logs chown -R greatsql:greatsql /greatsql/logs/
# 初始化数据库 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld –initialize –user=greatsql –basedir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 –datadir=/greatsql/fgdata
2026-04-09T02:00:00.000000Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.32-24) initializing of server in progress as process 12345
2026-04-09T02:00:01.000000Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2026-04-09T02:00:02.000000Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2026-04-09T02:00:03.000000Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@fgedu.localhost: ABCDEFGHIJKL
2026-04-09T02:00:01.000000Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2026-04-09T02:00:02.000000Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2026-04-09T02:00:03.000000Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@fgedu.localhost: ABCDEFGHIJKL
# 启动GreatSQL服务 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql &
[1] 12346
2026-04-09T02:01:00.000000Z mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/greatsql/logs/error.log’.
2026-04-09T02:01:00.000000Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /greatsql/fgdata
2026-04-09T02:01:00.000000Z mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/greatsql/logs/error.log’.
2026-04-09T02:01:00.000000Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /greatsql/fgdata
# 检查服务状态 ps -ef | grep
mysqld
mysqld
greatsql 12346 1 0 10:01 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql
greatsql 12456 12346 0 10:01 ? 00:00:00 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld –basedir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 –datadir=/greatsql/fgdata –plugin-dir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/lib/plugin –user=greatsql –log-error=/greatsql/logs/error.log –pid-file=/greatsql/fgdata/fgedu.net.cn.pid –socket=/tmp/mysql.sock –port=3306
greatsql 12456 12346 0 10:01 ? 00:00:00 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld –basedir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 –datadir=/greatsql/fgdata –plugin-dir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/lib/plugin –user=greatsql –log-error=/greatsql/logs/error.log –pid-file=/greatsql/fgdata/fgedu.net.cn.pid –socket=/tmp/mysql.sock –port=3306
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# 修改root密码 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: （输入初始化时生成的临时密码）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, Release 24, Revision 3736467bc8c
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’fgedu.localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘GreatSQL123!’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, Release 24, Revision 3736467bc8c
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER ‘root’@’fgedu.localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘GreatSQL123!’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
# 创建fgedu用户 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysql -u root -pFGedu123456!
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, Release 24, Revision 3736467bc8c
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘fgedu123’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, Release 24, Revision 3736467bc8c
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement.
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘fgedu123’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
# 测试连接 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysql -u fgedu -p fgedu123 -e “SELECT VERSION();”
+————————-+
| VERSION() |
+————————-+
| 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, … |
+————————-+
| VERSION() |
+————————-+
| 8.0.32-24 GreatSQL, … |
+————————-+
Part05-风哥经验总结与分享
5.1 常见安装问题与解决方案
| 问题 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|
| 安装过程中权限不足 | 确保使用root用户执行安装程序，或正确设置目录权限 |
| 初始化失败 | 检查数据目录权限，确保greatsql用户有读写权限 |
| 服务启动失败 | 查看错误日志，检查配置文件是否正确 |
| 连接失败 | 检查防火墙设置，确保3306端口开放 |
5.2 安装最佳实践
- 使用标准化的安装路径，便于管理和维护
- 设置强密码，定期更换
- 开启慢查询日志，便于性能优化
- 配置合理的内存参数，避免资源浪费
- 定期备份配置文件和数据
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5.3 安装后检查清单
风哥提示：安装完成后请务必检查以下项目：
- ✅ GreatSQL服务正常运行
- ✅ 可以使用root用户登录
- ✅ 可以使用创建的fgedu用户登录
- ✅ 配置文件正确生效
- ✅ 日志文件正常生成
- ✅ 端口号正确配置
- ✅ 字符集配置正确
- ✅ 服务设置为开机自启
设置开机自启
# 创建系统服务文件
cat > /etc/systemd/system/greatsql.service << EOF [Unit] Description=GreatSQL Server After=network.target [Service] User=greatsql Group=greatsql Type=forking ExecStart=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --user=greatsql ExecStop=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
# 重新加载服务配置
systemctl daemon-reload
# 设置开机自启
systemctl enable greatsql
# 启动服务
systemctl start greatsql
cat > /etc/systemd/system/greatsql.service << EOF [Unit] Description=GreatSQL Server After=network.target [Service] User=greatsql Group=greatsql Type=forking ExecStart=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe --user=greatsql ExecStop=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF
# 重新加载服务配置
systemctl daemon-reload
# 设置开机自启
systemctl enable greatsql
# 启动服务
systemctl start greatsql
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/greatsql.service → /etc/systemd/system/greatsql.service.
# 检查服务状态
systemctl status greatsql
systemctl status greatsql
● greatsql.service – GreatSQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/greatsql.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2026-04-09 10:10:00 CST; 1min ago
Process: 12345 ExecStart=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12456 (mysqld)
Tasks: 38 (limit: 16384)
Memory: 1.2G
CGroup: /system.slice/greatsql.service
├─12456 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld –basedir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 –datadir=/greatsql/fgdata –plugin-dir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/lib/plugin –user=greatsql –log-error=/greatsql/logs/error.log –pid-file=/greatsql/fgdata/fgedu.net.cn.pid –socket=/tmp/mysql.sock –port=3306
└─12457 /bin/sh /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql
Apr 09 10:10:00 fgedu.net.cn systemd[1]: Starting GreatSQL Server…
Apr 09 10:10:01 fgedu.net.cn systemd[1]: Started GreatSQL Server.
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/greatsql.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2026-04-09 10:10:00 CST; 1min ago
Process: 12345 ExecStart=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12456 (mysqld)
Tasks: 38 (limit: 16384)
Memory: 1.2G
CGroup: /system.slice/greatsql.service
├─12456 /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld –basedir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64 –datadir=/greatsql/fgdata –plugin-dir=/greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/lib/plugin –user=greatsql –log-error=/greatsql/logs/error.log –pid-file=/greatsql/fgdata/fgedu.net.cn.pid –socket=/tmp/mysql.sock –port=3306
└─12457 /bin/sh /greatsql/app/GreatSQL-8.0.32-24-Linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe –user=greatsql
Apr 09 10:10:00 fgedu.net.cn systemd[1]: Starting GreatSQL Server…
Apr 09 10:10:01 fgedu.net.cn systemd[1]: Started GreatSQL Server.
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