# 创建项目结构
$ mkdir -p fgedu-app
$ cd fgedu-app
$ echo 'FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
CMD ["npm", "start"]' > Dockerfile
$ echo '{"name": "fgedu-app", "version": "1.0.0", "scripts": {"start": "node index.js", "test": "echo \"Test passed\""}, "dependencies": {"express": "^4.18.2"}}' > package.json
$ echo 'const express = require("express"); const app = express(); app.get("/", (req, res) => { res.send("Hello from fgedu-app!"); }); app.listen(3000, () => { console.log("App listening on port 3000!"); });' > index.js
$ echo 'stages:
  - build
  - test
  - deploy

build:
  stage: build
  image: docker:20.10.16
  services:
    - docker:20.10.16-dind
  script:
    - docker build -t fgedu/app:latest .
    - docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME -p $DOCKER_PASSWORD
    - docker push fgedu/app:latest

test:
  stage: test
  image: docker:20.10.16
  services:
    - docker:20.10.16-dind
  script:
    - docker run --rm fgedu/app:latest npm test

deploy:
  stage: deploy
  image: docker:20.10.16
  services:
    - docker:20.10.16-dind
  script:
    - docker-compose down
    - docker-compose up -d
  only:
    - main' > .gitlab-ci.yml
$ echo 'version: "3.8"
services:
  app:
    image: fgedu/app:latest
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    restart: always' > docker-compose.yml

# 提交代码到GitLab
$ git init
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "Initial commit"
$ git remote add origin https://gitlab.com/fgedu/fgedu-app.git
$ git push -u origin main

Enumerating objects: 7, done.
Counting objects: 100% (7/7), done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (5/5), done.
Writing objects: 100% (7/7), 1.23 KiB | 1.23 MiB/s, done.
Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
To https://gitlab.com/fgedu/fgedu-app.git
 * [new branch]      main -> main
Branch 'main' set up to track remote branch 'main' from 'origin'.

风哥提示：GitLab CI与GitLab集成紧密，配置简单，适合GitLab用户使用。

4.2 Jenkins实战

案例：使用Jenkins构建和部署Docker容器

# 启动Jenkins
$ docker run --name jenkins \
    -p 8080:8080 \
    -p 50000:50000 \
    -v jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home \
    -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \
    -d \
    jenkins/jenkins:lts

# 配置Jenkins
# 访问 http://localhost:8080 完成Jenkins初始化
# 安装Docker插件
# 创建Pipeline项目，配置Jenkinsfile路径

# 创建Jenkinsfile
$ cat > Jenkinsfile << 'EOF'
pipeline {
    agent {
        docker {
            image 'docker:20.10.16'
            args '-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock'
        }
    }
    stages {
        stage('Build') {
            steps {
                sh 'docker build -t fgedu/app:latest .'
                sh 'docker login -u $DOCKER_USERNAME -p $DOCKER_PASSWORD'
                sh 'docker push fgedu/app:latest'
            }
        }
        stage('Test') {
            steps {
                sh 'docker run --rm fgedu/app:latest npm test'
            }
        }
        stage('Deploy') {
            steps {
                sh 'docker-compose down'
                sh 'docker-compose up -d'
            }
        }
    }
}
EOF

# 提交代码到Git
$ git add Jenkinsfile
$ git commit -m "Add Jenkinsfile"
$ git push

# 创建GitHub Actions配置文件
$ mkdir -p .github/workflows
$ cat > .github/workflows/ci-cd.yml << 'EOF'
name: CI/CD Pipeline

on:
  push:
    branches: [ main ]
  pull_request:
    branches: [ main ]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
    - name: Build and push Docker image
      uses: docker/build-push-action@v4
      with:
        context: .
        push: true
        tags: fgedu/app:latest
        username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USERNAME }}
        password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_PASSWORD }}

  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: build
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
    - name: Run tests
      run: |
        docker run --rm fgedu/app:latest npm test

  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    needs: test
    steps:
    - uses: actions/checkout@v3
    - name: Deploy to production
      run: |
        docker-compose down
        docker-compose up -d
EOF

# 提交代码到GitHub
$ git add .github/workflows/ci-cd.yml
$ git commit -m "Add GitHub Actions workflow"
$ git push

Enumerating objects: 4, done.
Counting objects: 100% (4/4), done.
Delta compression using up to 4 threads
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (4/4), 1.02 KiB | 1.02 MiB/s, done.
Total 4 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
To https://github.com/fgedu/fgedu-app.git
 * [new branch]      main -> main