## 步骤1：部署MySQL主从节点
# 部署MySQL主节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-mysql-master \
–cpus 2 \
–memory 4g \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-e MYSQL_REPLICATION_USER=repl \
-e MYSQL_REPLICATION_PASSWORD=repl123 \
-v fgedu-mysql-master-data:/var/lib/mysql:z \
-p 3306:3306 \
docker.io/library/mysql:8.0

# 部署MySQL从节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-mysql-slave \
–cpus 2 \
–memory 4g \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-e MYSQL_REPLICATION_USER=repl \
-e MYSQL_REPLICATION_PASSWORD=repl123 \
-v fgedu-mysql-slave-data:/var/lib/mysql:z \
-p 3307:3306 \
docker.io/library/mysql:8.0

## 步骤2：配置主从复制
# 配置主节点
$ podman exec -it fgedu-mysql-master mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE USER ‘repl’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘repl123’;
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘repl’@’%’;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> SHOW MASTER STATUS;

# 输出日志
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————-+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————-+
| binlog.000001 | 156 | | | |
+——————+———-+————–+——————+——————-+

mysql> exit

# 配置从节点
$ podman exec -it fgedu-mysql-slave mysql -u root -p

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST=’fgedu-mysql-master’,
-> MASTER_USER=’repl’,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD=’repl123′,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE=’binlog.000001′,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=156;
mysql> START SLAVE;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

# 输出日志
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event
Master_Host: fgedu-mysql-master
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 156
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 156
Relay_Log_Space: 536
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-1234567890ab
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
Network_Namespace:

mysql> exit

## 步骤3：测试主从复制
# 在主节点创建数据库和表
$ podman exec -it fgedu-mysql-master mysql -u root -p

mysql> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;
mysql> USE fgedudb;
mysql> CREATE TABLE fgedu_users (
-> id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
-> name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
-> email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
-> );
mysql> INSERT INTO fgedu_users (name, email) VALUES
-> (‘User 1’, ‘user1@fgedu.net.cn’),
-> (‘User 2’, ‘user2@fgedu.net.cn’),
-> (‘User 3’, ‘user3@fgedu.net.cn’);
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
+—-+——-+——————+
| id | name | email |
+—-+——-+——————+
| 1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn |
| 2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn |
| 3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn |
+—-+——-+——————+

mysql> exit

# 在从节点验证数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-mysql-slave mysql -u root -p

mysql> USE fgedudb;
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
+—-+——-+——————+
| id | name | email |
+—-+——-+——————+
| 1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn |
| 2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn |
| 3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn |
+—-+——-+——————+

mysql> exit

## 步骤4：部署负载均衡
# 部署HAProxy
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-haproxy \
–cpus 1 \
–memory 2g \
-v /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg:/usr/local/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg:z \
-p 3308:3308 \
-p 8080:8080 \
docker.io/library/haproxy:2.7

# 配置HAProxy
$ cat > /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg << EOF global log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice chroot /var/lib/haproxy stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin stats timeout 30s user haproxy group haproxy daemon defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000 frontend mysql bind *:3308 mode tcp default_backend mysql_servers backend mysql_servers mode tcp balance roundrobin server mysql-master fgedu-mysql-master:3306 check server mysql-slave fgedu-mysql-slave:3306 check frontend stats bind *:8080 stats enable stats uri /stats stats refresh 30s stats auth admin:admin EOF # 重启HAProxy $ podman restart fgedu-haproxy # 测试负载均衡 $ mysql -h localhost -P 3308 -u root -p # 输出日志 Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 123 Server version: 8.0.32 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> USE fgedudb;
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
+—-+——-+——————+
| id | name | email |
+—-+——-+——————+
| 1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn |
| 2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn |
| 3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn |
+—-+——-+——————+

mysql> exit

## 步骤1：部署Redis主从节点
# 部署Redis主节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-redis-master \
–cpus 1 \
–memory 2g \
-e REDIS_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-v fgedu-redis-master-data:/data:z \
-p 6379:6379 \
docker.io/library/redis:7.0

# 部署Redis从节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-redis-slave \
–cpus 1 \
–memory 2g \
-e REDIS_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-e REDIS_REPLICATION_MODE=slave \
-e REDIS_MASTER_HOST=fgedu-redis-master \
-e REDIS_MASTER_PORT=6379 \
-e REDIS_MASTER_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-v fgedu-redis-slave-data:/data:z \
-p 6380:6379 \
docker.io/library/redis:7.0

## 步骤2：验证主从复制
# 查看主节点状态
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-master redis-cli -a fgedu123 info replication

# 输出日志
# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:1
slave0:ip=172.17.0.3,port=6379,state=online,offset=100,lag=0
master_replid:1234567812345678123456781234567812345678
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:100
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:1
repl_backlog_histlen:100

# 查看从节点状态
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-slave redis-cli -a fgedu123 info replication

# 输出日志
# Replication
role:slave
master_host:fgedu-redis-master
master_port:6379
master_link_status:up
master_last_io_seconds_ago:1
master_sync_in_progress:0
slave_repl_offset:100
slave_priority:100
slave_read_only:1
connected_slaves:0
master_replid:1234567812345678123456781234567812345678
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:100
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:1
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:1
repl_backlog_histlen:100

## 步骤3：测试主从复制
# 在主节点设置数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-master redis-cli -a fgedu123 set fgedu:key1 value1

# 输出日志
OK

# 在从节点验证数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-slave redis-cli -a fgedu123 get fgedu:key1

# 输出日志
“value1”

# 在主节点设置更多数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-master redis-cli -a fgedu123 mset fgedu:key2 value2 fgedu:key3 value3

# 输出日志
OK

# 在从节点验证数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-redis-slave redis-cli -a fgedu123 mget fgedu:key1 fgedu:key2 fgedu:key3

# 输出日志
1) “value1”
2) “value2”
3) “value3”

## 步骤4：部署负载均衡
# 部署HAProxy
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-haproxy \
–cpus 1 \
–memory 2g \
-v /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg:/usr/local/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg:z \
-p 6381:6381 \
-p 8080:8080 \
docker.io/library/haproxy:2.7

# 配置HAProxy
$ cat > /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg << EOF global log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice chroot /var/lib/haproxy stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin stats timeout 30s user haproxy group haproxy daemon defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000 frontend redis bind *:6381 mode tcp default_backend redis_servers backend redis_servers mode tcp balance roundrobin server redis-master fgedu-redis-master:6379 check server redis-slave fgedu-redis-slave:6379 check frontend stats bind *:8080 stats enable stats uri /stats stats refresh 30s stats auth admin:admin EOF # 重启HAProxy $ podman restart fgedu-haproxy # 测试负载均衡 $ podman exec -it fgedu-haproxy redis-cli -h localhost -p 6381 -a fgedu123 get fgedu:key1 # 输出日志 "value1" $ podman exec -it fgedu-haproxy redis-cli -h localhost -p 6381 -a fgedu123 mget fgedu:key1 fgedu:key2 fgedu:key3 # 输出日志 1) "value1" 2) "value2" 3) "value3"

## 步骤1：部署PostgreSQL主从节点
# 部署PostgreSQL主节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-postgres-master \
–cpus 2 \
–memory 4g \
-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-e POSTGRES_USER=fgedu \
-e POSTGRES_DB=fgedudb \
-v fgedu-postgres-master-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data:z \
-p 5432:5432 \
docker.io/library/postgres:15

# 部署PostgreSQL从节点
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-postgres-slave \
–cpus 2 \
–memory 4g \
-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=fgedu123 \
-e POSTGRES_USER=fgedu \
-e POSTGRES_DB=fgedudb \
-v fgedu-postgres-slave-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data:z \
-p 5433:5432 \
docker.io/library/postgres:15

## 步骤2：配置主从复制
# 配置主节点
$ podman exec -it fgedu-postgres-master psql -U fgedu -d fgedudb

fgedudb=# CREATE ROLE repl WITH REPLICATION PASSWORD ‘repl123’ LOGIN;
fgedudb=# ALTER SYSTEM SET wal_level = ‘logical’;
fgedudb=# ALTER SYSTEM SET max_wal_senders = 10;
fgedudb=# ALTER SYSTEM SET max_replication_slots = 10;
fgedudb=# SELECT pg_reload_conf();

fgedudb=# exit

# 配置从节点
$ podman exec -it fgedu-postgres-slave bash

# 停止PostgreSQL
$ pg_ctl stop -D /var/lib/postgresql/data

# 备份主节点数据
$ pg_basebackup -h fgedu-postgres-master -U repl -D /var/lib/postgresql/data -Fp -Xs -P

# 创建recovery.conf文件
$ cat > /var/lib/postgresql/data/recovery.conf << EOF standby_mode = 'on' primary_conninfo = 'host=fgedu-postgres-master port=5432 user=repl password=repl123' trigger_file = '/var/lib/postgresql/data/trigger' EOF # 启动PostgreSQL $ pg_ctl start -D /var/lib/postgresql/data # 查看从节点状态 $ psql -U fgedu -d fgedudb -c "SELECT * FROM pg_stat_replication;" # 输出日志 pid | usesysid | usename | application_name | client_addr | client_hostname | client_port | backend_start | backend_xmin | state | sent_lsn | write_lsn | flush_lsn | replay_lsn | write_lag | flush_lag | replay_lag | sync_priority | sync_state ----+----------+--------+------------------+-------------+-----------------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-------+----------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+-----------+------------+---------------+------------ 123 | 16384 | repl | walreceiver | 172.17.0.4 | | 5432 | 2026-04-10 10:00:00+00 | | streaming | 0/123456 | 0/123456 | 0/123456 | 0/123456 | | | | 0 | async $ exit ## 步骤3：测试主从复制 # 在主节点创建表和数据 $ podman exec -it fgedu-postgres-master psql -U fgedu -d fgedudb fgedudb=# CREATE TABLE fgedu_users ( -> id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
-> name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
-> email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL
-> );
fgedudb=# INSERT INTO fgedu_users (name, email) VALUES
-> (‘User 1’, ‘user1@fgedu.net.cn’),
-> (‘User 2’, ‘user2@fgedu.net.cn’),
-> (‘User 3’, ‘user3@fgedu.net.cn’);
fgedudb=# SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
id | name | email
—-+——–+———————+
1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn
2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn
3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn
(3 rows)

fgedudb=# exit

# 在从节点验证数据
$ podman exec -it fgedu-postgres-slave psql -U fgedu -d fgedudb

fgedudb=# SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
id | name | email
—-+——–+———————+
1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn
2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn
3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn
(3 rows)

fgedudb=# exit

## 步骤4：部署负载均衡
# 部署HAProxy
$ podman run -d –name fgedu-haproxy \
–cpus 1 \
–memory 2g \
-v /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg:/usr/local/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg:z \
-p 5434:5434 \
-p 8080:8080 \
docker.io/library/haproxy:2.7

# 配置HAProxy
$ cat > /Podman/fgdata/haproxy.cfg << EOF global log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice chroot /var/lib/haproxy stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin stats timeout 30s user haproxy group haproxy daemon defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000 frontend postgres bind *:5434 mode tcp default_backend postgres_servers backend postgres_servers mode tcp balance roundrobin server postgres-master fgedu-postgres-master:5432 check server postgres-slave fgedu-postgres-slave:5432 check frontend stats bind *:8080 stats enable stats uri /stats stats refresh 30s stats auth admin:admin EOF # 重启HAProxy $ podman restart fgedu-haproxy # 测试负载均衡 $ psql -h localhost -p 5434 -U fgedu -d fgedudb # 输出日志 Password for user fgedu: psql (15.0 (Debian 15.0-1.pgdg110+1)) Type "help" for help. fgedudb=> SELECT * FROM fgedu_users;

# 输出日志
id | name | email
—-+——–+———————+
1 | User 1 | user1@fgedu.net.cn
2 | User 2 | user2@fgedu.net.cn
3 | User 3 | user3@fgedu.net.cn
(3 rows)

fgedudb=> exit