1. InterBase数据库简介
InterBase是Embarcadero Technologies公司开发的一款轻量级、高性能的关系型数据库管理系统。InterBase以其小巧的体积、卓越的性能和强大的安全特性著称,特别适合嵌入式应用和中小型业务系统。更多学习教程www.fgedu.net.cn
InterBase核心特点
轻量级架构:安装包体积小,资源占用低,适合嵌入式部署
高性能:优化的存储引擎,支持多版本并发控制(MVCC)
强安全性:内置加密功能,支持列级加密和透明数据加密
跨平台:支持Windows、Linux、macOS、iOS、Android等多平台
零管理:自动维护功能,减少DBA工作量
2. InterBase版本说明
InterBase提供多个版本以满足不同用户需求。学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-com
最新版本信息
InterBase 15 Server:最新服务器版本,支持Windows和Linux
InterBase 15 ToGo:移动版数据库,支持Windows、Linux、macOS、iOS、Android
InterBase 2020:上一个长期支持版本
版本类型
Server版:标准服务器版本,支持多用户并发访问
ToGo版:嵌入式版本,适合桌面和移动应用
Developer Edition:免费开发版,用于开发和测试
3. InterBase下载地址
InterBase可以从官方网站获取,以下是详细的下载方式和地址。
官方下载地址
Embarcadero官网:https://www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase/downloads
开发者版下载:https://www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase/developer/free-download
版本下载信息
– InterBase 15.0.58572.5258 (最新版)
– InterBase 15.0.58592.5289
– InterBase 15.0.58682.5499
InterBase 15 ToGo版本:
– InterBase 15 ToGo Pro
– InterBase 15 ToGo Mobile
– InterBase 15 ToGo Lite
历史稳定版本:
– InterBase 2020 (长期支持版)
– InterBase 2017
– InterBase XE7
4. InterBase安装介质说明
InterBase提供多种安装介质,用户可根据实际需求选择。from:www.itpux.com
安装介质类型
Windows安装包:.exe安装程序,支持图形化安装
Linux安装包:.rpm或.tar.gz格式,支持命令行安装
ToGo嵌入式包:跨平台二进制文件,无需安装
下载命令示例
# cd /fgeudb/software
# wget https://downloads.embarcadero.com/free/interbase/interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz
# 输出示例如下:
–2026-04-04 10:00:00– https://downloads.embarcadero.com/free/interbase/
Connecting to downloads.embarcadero.com… 192.168.1.100
HTTP request sent, awaiting response… 200 OK
Length: 125829120 (120M) [application/x-gzip]
Saving to: ‘interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz’
interbase_15_server_linux 100%[===================>] 120.00M 10.2MB/s in 12s
2026-04-04 10:00:12 (10.0 MB/s) – ‘interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz’ saved
# 验证下载文件
# ls -lh interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 120M Apr 4 10:00 interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz
5. Linux系统安装实战
以下是在Linux系统上安装InterBase 15的详细步骤。
步骤1:系统准备
# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.9 (Maipo)
# 检查系统架构
# uname -m
x86_64
# 检查内存和磁盘空间
# free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 15G 1.2G 13G 8.5M 1.0G 13G
Swap: 7.9G 0B 7.9G
# df -h /fgeudb
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 500G 20G 480G 4% /fgeudb
# 创建InterBase用户和组
# groupadd -g 5000 interbase
# useradd -g interbase -u 5000 -d /home/interbase -s /bin/bash interbase
# 创建安装目录
# mkdir -p /fgeudb/interbase/{software,data,backup}
# chown -R interbase:interbase /fgeudb/interbase
步骤2:解压安装包
# cd /fgeudb/software
# tar -xzf interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz
# 输出示例如下:
# ls -la
total 122880
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 4 10:05 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 4 10:00 ..
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 125829120 Apr 4 10:00 interbase_15_server_linux_x64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 4 10:05 InterBase
# 查看解压内容
# ls -la InterBase/
total 256
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 125 Apr 4 10:05 install.sh
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 50000000 Apr 4 10:05 interbase.tar.gz
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 2048 Apr 4 10:05 README.txt
步骤3:执行安装
# cd InterBase
# 执行安装脚本
# ./install.sh -i silent -DINSTALL_DIR=/fgeudb/interbase/software
# 输出示例如下:
Installing InterBase 15 Server…
Extracting files…
Configuring InterBase…
Creating default database…
Installation completed successfully.
InterBase has been installed to: /fgeudb/interbase/software
Default admin user: SYSDBA
Default password: masterkey
Please change the default password after first login!
步骤4:配置环境变量
# vi /home/interbase/.bash_profile
# 添加以下内容
export INTERBASE=/fgeudb/interbase/software
export PATH=$INTERBASE/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INTERBASE/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
# 使环境变量生效
# su – interbase
$ source ~/.bash_profile
# 验证环境变量
$ echo $INTERBASE
/fgeudb/interbase/software
$ which isql
/fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/isql
步骤5:配置系统服务
# vi /etc/systemd/system/interbase.service
[Unit]
Description=InterBase Database Server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=interbase
Group=interbase
ExecStart=/fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/ibmgr -start -forever
ExecStop=/fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/ibmgr -shut
PIDFile=/fgeudb/interbase/software/interbase.pid
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 重新加载systemd
# systemctl daemon-reload
# 启动InterBase服务
# systemctl start interbase
# 设置开机自启
# systemctl enable interbase
# 输出示例如下:
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/interbase.service to /etc/systemd/system/interbase.service.
# 检查服务状态
# systemctl status interbase
● interbase.service – InterBase Database Server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/interbase.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2026-04-04 10:15:00 CST; 10s ago
Process: 12345 ExecStart=/fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/ibmgr -start -forever (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 12350 (ibserver)
CGroup: /system.slice/interbase.service
├─12350 /fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/ibserver
└─12351 /fgeudb/interbase/software/bin/ibguard
6. Windows系统安装实战
以下是在Windows系统上安装InterBase 15的详细步骤。学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174
步骤1:下载安装包
访问Embarcadero官网下载Windows版本的InterBase安装程序。
步骤2:运行安装程序
# 检查系统信息
PS C:\> systeminfo | findstr /B /C:”OS Name” /C:”OS Version” /C:”System Type”
OS Name: Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Datacenter
OS Version: 10.0.17763 N/A Build 17763
System Type: x64-based PC
# 运行安装程序
PS C:\> cd C:\fgeudb\software
PS C:\fgeudb\software> .\interbase_15_server_win64.exe /S /D=C:\fgeudb\interbase
# 输出示例如下:
Installing InterBase 15 Server…
Installation directory: C:\fgeudb\interbase
Copying files…
Configuring service…
Starting InterBase service…
Installation completed successfully.
步骤3:验证安装
PS C:\> Get-Service -Name InterBase*
Status Name DisplayName
—— —- ———–
Running InterBaseGuardian InterBase Guardian Service
Running InterBaseServer InterBase Server 2025
# 检查InterBase版本
PS C:\> cd C:\fgeudb\interbase\bin
PS C:\fgeudb\interbase\bin> .\gstat.exe -h
InterBase 15.0.58572.5258 (Build 5258)
Database header page information:
Flags 0
Checksum 12345
Generation 1
Page size 8192
ODS version 13.0
Oldest transaction 1
Oldest active 2
Oldest snapshot 1
Next transaction 2
Sequence number 0
Next attachment ID 1
Implementation id 0
Shadow count 0
Page buffers 0
Next header page 0
Database dialect 3
Creation date Apr 4, 2026 10:20:00
Attributes
Database file sequence
Database encrypted false
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7. InterBase配置优化
InterBase的配置文件为interbase.conf,位于安装目录下。以下是生产环境的推荐配置。
配置文件示例
# vi /fgeudb/interbase/software/interbase.conf
# 数据库服务器配置
ServerMode = Super
DefaultDbCachePages = 50000
LockMemSize = 10485760
LockGrantOrder = 1
# 内存配置
TempBlockSize = 1048576
TempCacheLimit = 1073741824
# 连接配置
MaxUserTraceLogs = 10
WireCryptPlugin = libChaCha64.so
# 日志配置
LogBufferSize = 16384
LogFileSize = 1048576
# 性能优化
FileSystemCacheThreshold = 65536
UseFileSystemCacheForFlush = 1
# 安全配置
AuthServer = Srp256
UserManager = Srp
WireCrypt = Required
# 保存并重启服务
# systemctl restart interbase
# 输出示例如下:
# systemctl status interbase
● interbase.service – InterBase Database Server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/interbase.service; enabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2026-04-04 10:30:00 CST; 5s ago
8. 安装验证与测试
安装完成后,需要进行验证测试确保InterBase正常运行。
连接测试
$ isql -user SYSDBA -password masterkey
# 输出示例如下:
Connected to:
InterBase 15.0.58572.5258 (Build 5258)
Server: fgedu.net.cn
Database: /fgeudb/interbase/software/security3.db
SQL> SHOW DATABASE;
Database: /fgeudb/interbase/software/security3.db
Owner: SYSDBA
PAGE_SIZE 8192
Number of DB pages allocated = 256
Number of DB pages used = 128
Number of DB pages free = 128
Sweep interval = 20000
Forced Writes are ON
Transaction – oldest = 1
Transaction – oldest active = 2
Transaction – oldest snapshot = 1
Transaction – Next = 3
ODS = 13.0
Database encrypted: false
SQL> SHOW VERSION;
InterBase 15.0.58572.5258 (Build 5258)
on file structure 13.0
SQL> QUIT;
创建测试数据库
$ isql -user SYSDBA -password masterkey
SQL> CREATE DATABASE ‘/fgeudb/interbase/data/test.fdb’
CON> USER ‘SYSDBA’ PASSWORD ‘masterkey’
CON> PAGE_SIZE 16384
CON> DEFAULT CHARACTER SET UTF8;
# 输出示例如下:
Database ‘/fgeudb/interbase/data/test.fdb’ created successfully.
SQL> CREATE TABLE test_table (
CON> id INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
CON> name VARCHAR(100),
CON> created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CON> );
SQL> INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (1, ‘Test Record 1’);
SQL> INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (2, ‘Test Record 2’);
SQL> INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (3, ‘Test Record 3’);
SQL> SELECT * FROM test_table;
ID NAME CREATED_AT
============ ================================ ==========================
1 Test Record 1 2026-04-04 10:35:00.0000
2 Test Record 2 2026-04-04 10:35:00.0000
3 Test Record 3 2026-04-04 10:35:00.0000
SQL> COMMIT;
SQL> QUIT;
修改管理员密码
$ gsec -user SYSDBA -password masterkey -modify SYSDBA -pw NewSecurePassword123!
# 输出示例如下:
User SYSDBA modified successfully.
# 验证新密码
$ isql -user SYSDBA -password NewSecurePassword123!
# 输出示例如下:
Connected to:
InterBase 15.0.58572.5258 (Build 5258)
Server: fgedu.net.cn
SQL> QUIT;
至此,InterBase数据库的下载和安装已完成。后续可以根据实际业务需求创建数据库、配置用户权限和优化性能参数。
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