# 下载SQLcl
https://www.oracle.com/tools/downloads/sqlcl-downloads.html

# 解压安装
$ unzip sqlcl-xx.x.x.zip -d /opt/
$ cd /opt/sqlcl/bin

# 配置环境变量
$ export PATH=/opt/sqlcl/bin:$PATH

# 验证安装
$ sql -version

SQLcl: Release 23.1.0.0.1 Production

# 连接数据库
$ sql fgedu/xxxxxx@fgeduhost:1521/fgedudb

SQLcl: Release 23.1.0.0.1 Production
Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0

SQL>

# 配置输出格式
SQL> set sqlformat json
SQL> SELECT * FROM orders WHERE ROWNUM <= 2;

{“results”:[{“columns”:[{“name”:”ORDER_ID”},{“name”:”ORDER_DATE”},
{“name”:”CUSTOMER_ID”},{“name”:”AMOUNT”}],”items”:[
{“order_id”:1001,”order_date”:”2026-04-01T00:00:00″,
“customer_id”:”C001″,”amount”:1000},
{“order_id”:1002,”order_date”:”2026-04-02T00:00:00″,
“customer_id”:”C002″,”amount”:2000}]}]}

# 配置其他格式
SQL> set sqlformat csv
SQL> set sqlformat html
SQL> set sqlformat xml
SQL> set sqlformat ansiconsole

# 配置历史记录
SQL> set history 100

# 查看历史记录
SQL> history

# 使用历史记录
SQL> history 5

# 执行SQL语句
SQL> SELECT * FROM orders WHERE ROWNUM <= 5;

ORDER_ID ORDER_DAT CUSTOMER_ID AMOUNT
———- ——— ———– ———-
1001 01-APR-26 C001 1000
1002 02-APR-26 C002 2000
1003 03-APR-26 C003 1500
1004 04-APR-26 C004 3000
1005 05-APR-26 C005 2500

# 执行PL/SQL块
SQL> BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘Hello from SQLcl’);
END;
/

Hello from SQLcl

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

# 执行脚本文件
SQL> @/scripts/fgedu_stats.sql

# 使用自动完成
SQL> SEL[TAB]
SQL> SELECT * FR[TAB]
SQL> SELECT * FROM ORD[TAB]

# 执行JavaScript代码
SQL> /js
> var conn = util.getConnection();
> var stmt = conn.createStatement();
> var rs = stmt.executeQuery(“SELECT * FROM orders WHERE ROWNUM <= 3");
> while (rs.next()) {
print(rs.getString(1) + ” ” + rs.getString(3));
}
1001 C001
1002 C002
1003 C003

# 退出JavaScript模式
> /exit

# 在SQL中嵌入JavaScript
SQL> script
var rs = sql.execute(“SELECT COUNT(*) FROM orders”);
while (rs.next()) {
print(“Total orders: ” + rs.getString(1));
}
/

Total orders: 10000

# 使用JavaScript函数
SQL> script
function formatDate(date) {
return date.getFullYear() + “-” +
(date.getMonth() + 1) + “-” +
date.getDate();
}
print(formatDate(new Date()));
/

2026-4-5

# 启用代码补全
SQL> set autocomplete on

# 使用Tab键补全
SQL> SEL[TAB] -> SELECT
SQL> SELECT * FR[TAB] -> SELECT * FROM
SQL> SELECT * FROM ORD[TAB] -> SELECT * FROM ORDERS

# 查看对象结构
SQL> DESC orders

Name Null? Type
—————————————– ——– —————————-
ORDER_ID NOT NULL NUMBER
ORDER_DATE DATE
CUSTOMER_ID VARCHAR2(10)
AMOUNT NUMBER

# 查看对象DDL
SQL> DDL orders

CREATE TABLE “FGEDU”.”ORDERS”
( “ORDER_ID” NUMBER,
“ORDER_DATE” DATE,
“CUSTOMER_ID” VARCHAR2(10),
“AMOUNT” NUMBER
) ;

# 导出为JSON格式
SQL> set sqlformat json
SQL> SPOOL /export/orders.json
SQL> SELECT * FROM orders;
SQL> SPOOL OFF

# 导出为CSV格式
SQL> set sqlformat csv
SQL> SPOOL /export/orders.csv
SQL> SELECT * FROM orders;
SQL> SPOOL OFF

# 导出为HTML格式
SQL> set sqlformat html
SQL> SPOOL /export/orders.html
SQL> SELECT * FROM orders;
SQL> SPOOL OFF

# 使用JavaScript导出
SQL> script
var fs = new java.io.FileOutputStream(“/export/orders.txt”);
var rs = sql.execute(“SELECT * FROM orders”);
while (rs.next()) {
var line = rs.getString(1) + “,” + rs.getString(3) + “\n”;
fs.write(new java.lang.String(line).getBytes());
}
fs.close();
print(“Export completed”);
/

Export completed