# 1. 系统信息收集
# 使用PowerShell获取系统信息
PS C:\> Get-ComputerInfo | Select-Object CsName, WindowsVersion, OsBuildNumber, CsProcessors, CsTotalPhysicalMemory

CsName : FGEDU-DC01
WindowsVersion : 10.0.20348
OsBuildNumber : 20348
CsProcessors : {Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6248R CPU @ 3.00GHz}
CsTotalPhysicalMemory : 137438953472 (128GB)

# 2. CPU性能测试
# 使用CPU基准测试工具
PS C:\> Get-WmiObject Win32_Processor | Select-Object Name, NumberOfCores, NumberOfLogicalProcessors, MaxClockSpeed

Name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6248R CPU @ 3.00GHz
NumberOfCores : 24
NumberOfLogicalProcessors : 48
MaxClockSpeed : 3000

# CPU负载测试
PS C:\> $proc = Get-Counter ‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’ -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 60
PS C:\> $proc.CounterSamples | Measure-Object -Property CookedValue -Average | Select-Object Average

Average
——-
25.6

# 3. 内存性能测试
# 查看内存使用情况
PS C:\> Get-Counter ‘\Memory\Available MBytes’, ‘\Memory\% Committed Bytes In Use’ -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 10

Timestamp CounterSamples
——— ————–
2026/4/3 10:00:00 \\FGEDU-DC01\memory\available mbytes: 98765
\\FGEDU-DC01\memory\% committed bytes in use: 28.5

# 内存压力测试
PS C:\> $os = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem
PS C:\> $freeMemory = $os.FreePhysicalMemory / 1MB
PS C:\> $totalMemory = $os.TotalVisibleMemorySize / 1MB
PS C:\> Write-Host “Total Memory: $totalMemory MB, Free Memory: $freeMemory MB”
Total Memory: 131072 MB, Free Memory: 98765 MB

# 4. 磁盘性能测试
# 使用DiskSpd进行基准测试
PS C:\> diskspd -c10G -d60 -r -w0 -t4 -o32 -b64K C:\testfile.dat

Command Line: diskspd -c10G -d60 -r -w0 -t4 -o32 -b64K C:\testfile.dat

Input parameters:
timespan: 60 seconds
warm up time: 5 seconds
cool down time: 0 seconds
measuring latency
random seed: 1234567890
using software cache
using a single IO thread per file
write buffer size: 65536 bytes
thread stride size: 0 bytes
random access: aligned
using 4 worker threads
IO priority: normal
calculating 4 separate IOPS values

Results:
throughput: 1256.78 MB/s
IOPS: 20108.48
average latency: 6.35 ms

# 5. 网络性能测试
# 使用NTttcp进行网络基准测试
# 服务端
PS C:\> ntttcp -r -m 4,*,10.0.1.12 -t 60

# 客户端
PS C:\> ntttcp -s -m 4,*,10.0.1.11 -t 60

Network activity:
Bytes : 75161927680
Throughput : 10021.59 Mbps
Packets : 50107951
Packet rate : 835132.52 pps

# 6. 生成性能报告
PS C:\> $report = @{
“CPU Usage” = (Get-Counter ‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
“Memory Available” = (Get-Counter ‘\Memory\Available MBytes’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
“Disk Queue” = (Get-Counter ‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk Queue Length’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
“Network Throughput” = (Get-Counter ‘\Network Interface(*)\Bytes Total/sec’).CounterSamples | Measure-Object -Property CookedValue -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
}
PS C:\> $report | ConvertTo-Json

{
“CPU Usage”: 25.6,
“Memory Available”: 98765,
“Disk Queue”: 0.5,
“Network Throughput”: 1256789012
}

# 1. 设置处理器调度优先级
# 优化前台程序响应
PS C:\> Set-ItemProperty -Path ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\PriorityControl’ -Name ‘Win32PrioritySeparation’ -Value 38

# 查看当前设置
PS C:\> Get-ItemProperty -Path ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\PriorityControl’ -Name ‘Win32PrioritySeparation’

Win32PrioritySeparation : 38

# 2. 配置处理器关联性
# 设置进程CPU亲和性
PS C:\> $process = Get-Process -Name “fgedu-app”
PS C:\> $process.ProcessorAffinity = 0xFF # 使用前8个CPU核心

# 查看进程亲和性
PS C:\> $process.ProcessorAffinity
255

# 3. 配置处理器电源管理
# 设置高性能电源计划
PS C:\> powercfg /setactive 8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c

# 查看当前电源计划
PS C:\> powercfg /getactivescheme
电源方案 GUID: 8c5e7fda-e8bf-4a96-9a85-a6e23a8c635c (高性能)

# 自定义电源设置
PS C:\> powercfg /change monitor-timeout-ac 0
PS C:\> powercfg /change disk-timeout-ac 0
PS C:\> powercfg /change standby-timeout-ac 0
PS C:\> powercfg /change hibernate-timeout-ac 0

# 4. 禁用不必要的CPU功能
# 禁用节能模式
PS C:\> powercfg /setacvalueindex scheme_current sub_processor PERFEPP 0
PS C:\> powercfg /setactive scheme_current

# 启用Turbo Boost
PS C:\> powercfg /setacvalueindex scheme_current sub_processor PERFBOOSTMODE 2
PS C:\> powercfg /setactive scheme_current

# 5. 配置核心调度
# Windows Server 2022支持核心调度优化
PS C:\> bcdedit /set useplatformtick yes
操作成功完成。

PS C:\> bcdedit /set disabledynamictick yes
操作成功完成。

# 6. 监控CPU性能
PS C:\> Get-Counter ‘\Processor(*)\% Processor Time’ -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 10 | ForEach-Object {
$_.CounterSamples | Where-Object {$_.CookedValue -gt 80} | Select-Object InstanceName, CookedValue
}

InstanceName CookedValue
———— ———–
_Total 85.6
0 92.3
1 88.7

# 7. 进程优先级调整
# 设置高优先级进程
PS C:\> $process = Get-Process -Name “sqlservr”
PS C:\> $process.PriorityClass = ‘High’

# 查看进程优先级
PS C:\> $process.PriorityClass
High

# 8. CPU资源限制
# 使用作业对象限制CPU使用
PS C:\> $job = New-Object System.Diagnostics.JobObject
PS C:\> $job.CPURateControl = $true
PS C:\> $job.CPURate = 50 # 限制为50%CPU

# 9. 性能计数器监控脚本
PS C:\> while ($true) {
$cpu = (Get-Counter ‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
$time = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss’
Write-Host “[$time] CPU Usage: $([math]::Round($cpu, 2))%”
if ($cpu -gt 90) {
Write-Host “WARNING: CPU usage is high!” -ForegroundColor Red
}
Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
}

[2026-04-03 10:00:00] CPU Usage: 25.6%
[2026-04-03 10:00:05] CPU Usage: 28.3%
[2026-04-03 10:00:10] CPU Usage: 26.1%

# 1. 配置页面文件
# 查看当前页面文件设置
PS C:\> Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_PageFileUsage | Select-Object Name, AllocatedBaseSize, CurrentUsage

Name AllocatedBaseSize CurrentUsage
—- —————– ————
C:\pagefile.sys 8192 2048

# 配置页面文件大小
PS C:\> $computerSystem = Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_ComputerSystem
PS C:\> Set-CimInstance -InputObject $computerSystem -Property @{AutomaticManagedPagefile = $false}

PS C:\> $pageFile = Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_PageFileSetting
PS C:\> if ($pageFile) {
Remove-CimInstance -InputObject $pageFile
}

PS C:\> New-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_PageFileSetting -Property @{
Name = “C:\pagefile.sys”
InitialSize = 16384 # 16GB
MaximumSize = 32768 # 32GB
}

# 验证设置
PS C:\> Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_PageFileSetting | Select-Object Name, InitialSize, MaximumSize

Name InitialSize MaximumSize
—- ———– ———–
C:\pagefile.sys 16384 32768

# 2. 清理内存缓存
# 清理系统工作集
PS C:\> # 需要管理员权限
PS C:\> $source = @”
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class Memory {
[DllImport(“kernel32.dll”)]
public static extern bool SetSystemFileCacheSize(IntPtr MinimumFileCacheSize, IntPtr MaximumFileCacheSize, int Flags);
}
“@
PS C:\> Add-Type -TypeDefinition $source
PS C:\> [Memory]::SetSystemFileCacheSize([IntPtr]::Zero, [IntPtr]::Zero, 1)

# 清理待机列表
PS C:\> # 使用RAMMap工具或EmptyStandbyList
PS C:\> & “C:\Program Files\RAMMap\RAMMap.exe” -E

# 3. 配置大页面内存
# 启用大页面支持
PS C:\> # 需要先在本地安全策略中授予用户”锁定内存页”权限
PS C:\> # secpol.msc -> 本地策略 -> 用户权利指派 -> 锁定内存页

# 查看大页面使用情况
PS C:\> Get-ItemProperty ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management’ -Name LargeSystemCache

LargeSystemCache : 1

# 4. 优化内存压缩
# Windows Server 2022默认启用内存压缩
PS C:\> Get-ItemProperty ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management’ -Name EnableCompression

EnableCompression : 1

# 5. 配置系统缓存
# 优化系统缓存大小
PS C:\> Set-ItemProperty ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management’ -Name LargeSystemCache -Value 1

# 配置IO优先级
PS C:\> Set-ItemProperty ‘HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management’ -Name IoPageLockLimit -Value 0

# 6. 内存诊断
# 检查内存泄漏
PS C:\> Get-Process | Sort-Object WorkingSet -Descending | Select-Object -First 10 Name, @{Name=’Memory(MB)’;Expression={[math]::Round($_.WorkingSet/1MB,2)}}

Name Memory(MB)
—- ———-
sqlservr 8192.5
w3wp 2048.3
fgedu-app 1536.2

# 7. 监控内存使用
PS C:\> while ($true) {
$os = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem
$freeMemory = [math]::Round($os.FreePhysicalMemory / 1MB, 2)
$totalMemory = [math]::Round($os.TotalVisibleMemorySize / 1MB, 2)
$usedMemory = [math]::Round($totalMemory – $freeMemory, 2)
$usedPercent = [math]::Round(($usedMemory / $totalMemory) * 100, 2)

$time = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss’
Write-Host “[$time] Memory: $usedMemory MB / $totalMemory MB ($usedPercent%)”

if ($usedPercent -gt 90) {
Write-Host “WARNING: Memory usage is high!” -ForegroundColor Red
}
Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
}

[2026-04-03 10:00:00] Memory: 32768 MB / 131072 MB (25.0%)
[2026-04-03 10:00:05] Memory: 33280 MB / 131072 MB (25.4%)

# 1. 磁盘碎片整理
# 查看磁盘碎片情况
PS C:\> Get-Volume | Where-Object {$_.DriveLetter} | ForEach-Object {
$drive = $_.DriveLetter
$defrag = Optimize-Volume -DriveLetter $drive -Analyze -Verbose 4>&1
Write-Host “Drive $drive : $defrag”
}

Drive C : 需要优化 (碎片化 15%)
Drive D : 不需要优化 (碎片化 2%)

# 执行磁盘碎片整理
PS C:\> Optimize-Volume -DriveLetter C -Defrag -Verbose

正在分析磁盘…
正在优化磁盘…
优化完成。

# 2. 配置磁盘缓存
# 启用磁盘写入缓存
PS C:\> Get-Disk | ForEach-Object {
Set-Disk -Number $_.Number -IsReadOnly $false
Write-Host “Disk $($_.Number) write cache enabled”
}

# 3. 优化NTFS设置
# 禁用8.3文件名
PS C:\> fsutil 8dot3name set C: 1
已禁用 8.3 文件名创建。

# 禁用最后访问时间更新
PS C:\> fsutil behavior set disablelastaccess 1
已全局禁用最后访问时间更新。

# 配置NTFS内存使用
PS C:\> fsutil behavior set memoryusage 2
已将内存使用设置为 2。

# 4. 配置存储空间
# 创建存储池
PS C:\> $disks = Get-PhysicalDisk | Where-Object {$_.CanPool -eq $true}
PS C:\> New-StoragePool -FriendlyName “FGeduPool” -StorageSubsystemFriendlyName “Windows Storage*” -PhysicalDisks $disks

FriendlyName OperationalStatus HealthStatus IsPrimordial IsReadOnly
———— —————– ———— ———— ———-
FGeduPool OK Healthy False False

# 创建虚拟磁盘
PS C:\> New-VirtualDisk -StoragePoolFriendlyName “FGeduPool” -FriendlyName “FGeduData” -Size 1TB -ResiliencySettingName Mirror -NumberOfDataCopies 2

FriendlyName ResiliencySettingName OperationalStatus HealthStatus Size
———— ——————— —————– ———— —-
FGeduData Mirror OK Healthy 1 TB

# 5. 配置SMB直通
# 启用SMB多通道
PS C:\> Set-SmbServerConfiguration -EnableMultiChannel $true -Force

# 查看SMB配置
PS C:\> Get-SmbServerConfiguration | Select-Object EnableMultiChannel, EnableSMB2Protocol

EnableMultiChannel EnableSMB2Protocol
—————— ——————
True True

# 6. 优化存储QoS
# 配置存储QoS策略
PS C:\> New-StorageQosPolicy -Name “FGeduHigh” -PolicyType Dedicated -MinimumIops 1000 -MaximumIops 5000

Name PolicyType MinimumIops MaximumIops
—- ———- ———– ———–
FGeduHigh Dedicated 1000 5000

# 应用QoS策略
PS C:\> $policy = Get-StorageQosPolicy -Name “FGeduHigh”
PS C:\> Set-VMHardDiskDrive -VMName “FGedu-VM01” -ControllerType SCSI -ControllerNumber 0 -ControllerLocation 0 -QoSPolicyId $policy.PolicyId

# 7. 磁盘性能监控
PS C:\> while ($true) {
$disk = Get-Counter ‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Reads/sec’, ‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Writes/sec’, ‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk sec/Transfer’ -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 1
$reads = $disk.CounterSamples[0].CookedValue
$writes = $disk.CounterSamples[1].CookedValue
$latency = $disk.CounterSamples[2].CookedValue * 1000

$time = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss’
Write-Host “[$time] Reads: $([math]::Round($reads,0))/s, Writes: $([math]::Round($writes,0))/s, Latency: $([math]::Round($latency,2))ms”

Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
}

[2026-04-03 10:00:00] Reads: 1250/s, Writes: 850/s, Latency: 5.25ms
[2026-04-03 10:00:05] Reads: 1180/s, Writes: 920/s, Latency: 5.18ms

# 1. 配置网络适配器
# 查看网络适配器
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapter | Select-Object Name, InterfaceDescription, Status, LinkSpeed

Name InterfaceDescription Status LinkSpeed
—- ——————– —— ———
Ethernet0 Intel(R) Ethernet Controller X710 Up 10 Gbps

# 启用RSS（接收端缩放）
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterRss -Name “Ethernet0”

# 查看RSS配置
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapterRss -Name “Ethernet0”

Name : Ethernet0
Enabled : True
NumberOfReceiveQueues : 8

# 启用RSC（接收段合并）
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterRsc -Name “Ethernet0”

# 查看RSC配置
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapterRsc -Name “Ethernet0”

Name IPv4Enabled IPv6Enabled IPv4Operational IPv6Operational
—- ———– ———– ————— —————
Ethernet0 True True True True

# 2. 配置TCP参数
# 优化TCP窗口大小
PS C:\> Set-NetTCPSetting -SettingName Internet -AutoTuningLevelLocal Normal

# 查看TCP设置
PS C:\> Get-NetTCPSetting -SettingName Internet | Select-Object SettingName, AutoTuningLevelLocal, ScalingHeuristics

SettingName AutoTuningLevelLocal ScalingHeuristics
———– ——————– —————–
Internet Normal Disabled

# 启用TCP快速打开
PS C:\> Set-NetTCPSetting -SettingName Internet -FastOpen $true

# 配置拥塞控制算法
PS C:\> Set-NetTCPSetting -SettingName Internet -CongestionProvider CUBIC

# 3. 配置网络卸载
# 启用所有卸载功能
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterChecksumOffload -Name “Ethernet0”
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterLso -Name “Ethernet0”
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterIPsecOffload -Name “Ethernet0”

# 查看卸载配置
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapterChecksumOffload -Name “Ethernet0”

Name IPv4Enabled IPv6Enabled
—- ———– ———–
Ethernet0 RxTxEnabled RxTxEnabled

# 4. 配置Jumbo Frame
# 设置MTU为9000
PS C:\> Set-NetAdapterAdvancedProperty -Name “Ethernet0” -DisplayName “Jumbo Packet” -DisplayValue “9014”

# 验证MTU设置
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapterAdvancedProperty -Name “Ethernet0” -DisplayName “Jumbo Packet”

DisplayName DisplayValue RegistryKeyword RegistryValue
———– ———— ————— ————-
Jumbo Packet 9014 *JumboPacket 9014

# 5. 配置网络QoS
# 启用DCB（数据中心桥接）
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapterQos -Name “Ethernet0”

# 配置优先级流控
PS C:\> New-NetQosPolicy -Name “FGeduHigh” -IPDstPort 3306 -PriorityValue8021Action 3

Name : FGeduHigh
Owner : System
NetworkProfile : All
Precedence : 127

# 6. 优化DNS缓存
# 配置DNS客户端缓存
PS C:\> Set-DnsClientCache -MaxCacheSize 1024 -MaxCacheTTL 86400 -MaxNegativeCacheTTL 3600

# 查看DNS缓存
PS C:\> Get-DnsClientCache

Entry RecordName RecordType Status
—– ———- ———- ——
fgedu.net.cn fgedu.net.cn A Success

# 7. 网络性能监控
PS C:\> while ($true) {
$net = Get-Counter ‘\Network Interface(*)\Bytes Total/sec’ -SampleInterval 1 -MaxSamples 1
$throughput = $net.CounterSamples | Where-Object {$_.InstanceName -notlike “*Loopback*”} | Measure-Object -Property CookedValue -Sum | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Sum
$throughputMbps = [math]::Round($throughput * 8 / 1MB, 2)

$time = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss’
Write-Host “[$time] Network Throughput: $throughputMbps Mbps”

Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
}

[2026-04-03 10:00:00] Network Throughput: 1256.78 Mbps
[2026-04-03 10:00:05] Network Throughput: 1189.45 Mbps

# 1. 配置性能监视器数据收集器
# 创建数据收集器集
PS C:\> $counters = @(
‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’,
‘\Memory\Available MBytes’,
‘\Memory\% Committed Bytes In Use’,
‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Reads/sec’,
‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Disk Writes/sec’,
‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk sec/Transfer’,
‘\Network Interface(*)\Bytes Total/sec’
)

PS C:\> New-DataCollectorSet -Name “FGeduPerformance” -PerformanceCounter $counters -SampleInterval 5 -OutputLocation “C:\PerfLogs”

Name : FGeduPerformance
Description :
Duration : 0
IsRunning : False
OutputLocation : C:\PerfLogs\FGeduPerformance

# 启动数据收集
PS C:\> Start-DataCollectorSet -Name “FGeduPerformance”

# 查看数据收集状态
PS C:\> Get-DataCollectorSet -Name “FGeduPerformance”

Name : FGeduPerformance
IsRunning : True
Duration : 0
OutputLocation : C:\PerfLogs\FGeduPerformance

# 2. 配置性能告警
# 创建性能告警
PS C:\> $alert = @{
Counter = ‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’
Threshold = 90
Action = ‘Send-MailMessage -To “ops@fgedu.net.cn” -From “alert@fgedu.net.cn” -Subject “CPU Alert” -SmtpServer “smtp.fgedu.net.cn”‘
}

PS C:\> New-DataCollectorSet -Name “FGeduAlerts” -Alert $alert

# 3. 使用PowerShell监控脚本
PS C:\> # 创建监控脚本
PS C:\> $script = @’
while ($true) {
$cpu = (Get-Counter ‘\Processor(_Total)\% Processor Time’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
$mem = (Get-Counter ‘\Memory\Available MBytes’).CounterSamples.CookedValue
$disk = (Get-Counter ‘\PhysicalDisk(_Total)\Avg. Disk sec/Transfer’).CounterSamples.CookedValue * 1000

$data = @{
Timestamp = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss’
CPU = [math]::Round($cpu, 2)
Memory = [math]::Round($mem, 2)
DiskLatency = [math]::Round($disk, 2)
}

# 发送到监控系统
Invoke-RestMethod -Uri ‘http://monitoring.fgedu.net.cn/api/metrics’ -Method Post -Body ($data | ConvertTo-Json) -ContentType ‘application/json’

Start-Sleep -Seconds 10
}
‘@

PS C:\> $script | Out-File -FilePath ‘C:\Scripts\performance_monitor.ps1’

# 4. 配置Windows事件日志监控
# 创建事件日志订阅
PS C:\> $query = @”


*[System[(Level=1 or Level=2 or Level=3)]]


“@

PS C:\> New-WinEvent -ProviderName “Microsoft-Windows-Kernel-General” -Id 1 -Version 0

# 5. 性能报告生成
PS C:\> # 生成每日性能报告
PS C:\> $report = @{
Date = Get-Date -Format ‘yyyy-MM-dd’
CPU_Average = 25.6
CPU_Max = 85.3
Memory_Average = 75.2
Memory_Max = 92.1
Disk_IOPS_Average = 1250
Disk_Latency_Average = 5.2
Network_Throughput_Average = 1256
}

PS C:\> $report | ConvertTo-Html -Title “FGedu Performance Report” | Out-File “C:\Reports\performance_$(Get-Date -Format ‘yyyyMMdd’).html”

# 6. 性能基线对比
PS C:\> # 对比当前性能与基线
PS C:\> $baseline = @{
CPU = 20
Memory = 70
DiskLatency = 5
}

PS C:\> $current = @{
CPU = 25.6
Memory = 75.2
DiskLatency = 5.2
}

PS C:\> foreach ($key in $baseline.Keys) {
$diff = $current[$key] – $baseline[$key]
$percent = [math]::Round(($diff / $baseline[$key]) * 100, 2)
Write-Host “$key : Current=$($current[$key]), Baseline=$($baseline[$key]), Diff=$percent%”
}

CPU : Current=25.6, Baseline=20, Diff=28.0%
Memory : Current=75.2, Baseline=70, Diff=7.43%
DiskLatency : Current=5.2, Baseline=5, Diff=4.0%