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NBU教程FG433-备份系统NBU升级与迁移

教程整理：风哥教程  |  更新时间：2026-01-27  |  教程分类：IT综合教程  |  文档学习：7

1. 升级前准备工作

NBU升级前需要进行充分的准备工作，包括环境评估、资源准备、风险评估等，确保升级过程顺利进行。更多学习教程www.fgedu.net.cn

# 检查当前NBU版本
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpgetconfig
CLIENT_NAME = nbumaster
SERVER = nbumaster
MEDIA_SERVER = nbumedia01
MEDIA_SERVER = nbumedia02
VERSION = 8.3.0.1
RELEASE = 8.3
PLATFORM = Linux
INSTALL_PATH = /usr/openv

# 检查NBU服务状态
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpps
NB Processes
————
root 1234 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpdbm
root 1235 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:02 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpjobd
root 1236 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bprd
root 1237 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:03 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpcompatd
root 1238 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpcd
root 1239 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:02 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/vnetd
root 1240 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdisco

MM Processes
————
root 1241 1 0 08:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/ltid
root 1242 1241 0 08:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/avrd
root 1243 1241 0 08:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/tpconfig

# 检查磁盘空间
$ df -h /usr/openv
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 100G 45G 55G 45% /

$ df -h /usr/openv/netbackup/db
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 500G 200G 300G 40% /usr/openv/netbackup/db

# 检查备份策略和作业
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist
Daily_Full_Backup
Daily_Incremental_Backup
Weekly_Full_Backup
Monthly_Archive_Backup
Oracle_Database_Backup
SQL_Server_Backup
VMware_Backup

# 检查最近备份作业状态
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpdbjobs -report -all_columns | head -20
jobid type state status policy schedule client server started elapsed ended stunit try operation group subtype class schedule_type priority who subtype policy_type keyword client_type job_pid group
—– —- —– —— ————— ————– ————— ———— ————— ——- ————— ————— — ——— ——- ——- ——- ————- ——– ———— ——- ———– ——- ———– ——- —–
12345 0 3 0 Daily_Full_Backup Daily_Full client01 nbumaster 04/02/2026 20:00 3600 04/02/2026 21:00 stu_disk01 1 0 Default 0 Default 0 0 root 0 0 – 0 12345 Default
12346 0 3 0 Daily_Incremental_Backup Daily_Inc client02 nbumaster 04/02/2026 20:00 1800 04/02/2026 20:30 stu_disk01 1 0 Default 0 Default 0 0 root 0 0 – 0 12346 Default
12347 0 3 0 Oracle_Database_Backup Oracle_Full oradb01 nbumaster 04/02/2026 22:00 7200 04/03/2026 00:00 stu_disk02 1 0 Default 0 Default 0 0 root 0 4 – 0 12347 Default

生产环境风哥建议：升级前必须检查NBU服务状态、备份策略、最近备份作业状态，确保所有备份任务正常完成，避免在升级过程中丢失备份数据。

2. 版本兼容性检查

版本兼容性检查是升级前的关键步骤，需要确认新版本与现有环境的兼容性。学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-com

# 检查操作系统版本
$ cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 8.8 (Ootpa)

$ uname -a
Linux nbumaster.fgedu.net.cn 4.18.0-477.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue May 30 22:15:30 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# 检查NBU兼容性矩阵
$ cat /tmp/nbu-compatibility-check.sh << 'EOF' #!/bin/bash # NBU 10.0 兼容性检查脚本 echo "=== NBU 10.0 兼容性检查 ===" echo "" # 检查操作系统版本 echo "操作系统版本检查:" if [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then OS_VERSION=$(cat /etc/redhat-release) echo " 当前系统: $OS_VERSION" if grep -q "8\.[0-9]" /etc/redhat-release; then echo " 状态: 兼容" else echo " 状态: 不兼容 - 需要RHEL 8.x或更高版本" fi fi # 检查内存 echo "" echo "内存检查:" MEM_TOTAL=$(free -g | awk '/^Mem:/{print $2}') echo " 总内存: ${MEM_TOTAL}GB" if [ $MEM_TOTAL -ge 8 ]; then echo " 状态: 满足要求 (最低8GB)" else echo " 状态: 不满足 - 需要至少8GB内存" fi # 检查磁盘空间 echo "" echo "磁盘空间检查:" DISK_AVAIL=$(df -BG /usr/openv | awk 'NR==2{print $4}' | sed 's/G//') echo " 可用空间: ${DISK_AVAIL}GB" if [ $DISK_AVAIL -ge 20 ]; then echo " 状态: 满足要求 (最低20GB)" else echo " 状态: 不满足 - 需要至少20GB可用空间" fi # 检查数据库空间 echo "" echo "NBU数据库空间检查:" DB_AVAIL=$(df -BG /usr/openv/netbackup/db 2>/dev/null | awk ‘NR==2{print $4}’ | sed ‘s/G//’)
if [ -n “$DB_AVAIL” ]; then
echo ” 数据库可用空间: ${DB_AVAIL}GB”
if [ $DB_AVAIL -ge 100 ]; then
echo ” 状态: 满足要求”
else
echo ” 状态: 警告 – 建议至少100GB空间”
fi
else
echo ” 数据库目录未单独挂载，使用根分区空间”
fi

echo “”
echo “=== 兼容性检查完成 ===”
EOF

$ chmod +x /tmp/nbu-compatibility-check.sh
$ /tmp/nbu-compatibility-check.sh
=== NBU 10.0 兼容性检查 ===

操作系统版本检查:
当前系统: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 8.8 (Ootpa)
状态: 兼容

内存检查:
总内存: 16GB
状态: 满足要求 (最低8GB)

磁盘空间检查:
可用空间: 55GB
状态: 满足要求 (最低20GB)

NBU数据库空间检查:
数据库可用空间: 300GB
状态: 满足要求

=== 兼容性检查完成 ===

风哥风哥提示：版本兼容性检查是升级成功的关键，务必仔细阅读官方兼容性文档，确保所有组件都满足升级要求。

3. 配置备份

升级前必须完整备份NBU配置，包括策略、目录库、证书等关键数据。

# 备份NBU配置
$ mkdir -p /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)
$ cd /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)

# 备份策略配置
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist -allpolicies > policies-backup.txt
$ cat policies-backup.txt
Daily_Full_Backup
Daily_Incremental_Backup
Weekly_Full_Backup
Monthly_Archive_Backup
Oracle_Database_Backup
SQL_Server_Backup
VMware_Backup

# 备份详细策略信息
$ for policy in $(/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist); do
/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist $policy -L > policy-${policy}.txt
done

$ ls -la policy-*.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2345 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Daily_Full_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1890 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Daily_Incremental_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2123 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Weekly_Full_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1567 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Monthly_Archive_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3456 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Oracle_Database_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2890 Apr 3 09:00 policy-SQL_Server_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 4234 Apr 3 09:00 policy-VMware_Backup.txt

# 备份存储单元配置
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpstulist -L > storage-units-backup.txt
$ cat storage-units-backup.txt
Label: stu_disk01
Storage Unit Type: Disk
Host Connection: nbumaster.fgedu.net.cn
Concurrent Jobs: 10
On Demand Only: no
Max Fragment Size: 1048576 MB
Max MPX: 4

Label: stu_disk02
Storage Unit Type: Disk
Host Connection: nbumedia01.fgedu.net.cn
Concurrent Jobs: 10
On Demand Only: no
Max Fragment Size: 1048576 MB
Max MPX: 4

Label: stu_tape01
Storage Unit Type: Media Manager
Host Connection: nbumedia02.fgedu.net.cn
Concurrent Jobs: 2
On Demand Only: no
Max Fragment Size: 0 MB
Max MPX: 4

# 备份NBU数据库
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdb_backup -dbn NBDB -offline /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/nbdb-backup
Database backup started.
Database backup completed successfully.
Backup file: /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/nbdb-backup/NBDB.db

# 备份证书
$ cp -r /usr/openv/var/vxss/credentials /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/
$ cp -r /usr/openv/var/vxss/certificates /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/

# 备份配置文件
$ cp /usr/openv/netbackup/bp.conf /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/
$ cp -r /usr/openv/netbackup/db/class /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/
$ cp -r /usr/openv/netbackup/db/images /backup/nbu-upgrade-$(date +%Y%m%d)/

# 验证备份完整性
$ ls -la /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/
total 128
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:00 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:05 certificates
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:05 class
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:05 credentials
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:05 images
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2048 Apr 3 09:10 bp.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 3 09:15 nbdb-backup
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 234 Apr 3 09:00 policies-backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2345 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Daily_Full_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1890 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Daily_Incremental_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2123 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Weekly_Full_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1567 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Monthly_Archive_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 3456 Apr 3 09:00 policy-Oracle_Database_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 2890 Apr 3 09:00 policy-SQL_Server_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 4234 Apr 3 09:00 policy-VMware_Backup.txt
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1567 Apr 3 09:00 storage-units-backup.txt

4. 升级执行步骤

升级执行需要按照严格的步骤进行，确保升级过程顺利完成。学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174

# 停止NBU服务
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/goodies/netbackup stop
Stopping NetBackup Enterprise Media Manager…
Stopping NetBackup Volume Manager…
Stopping NetBackup Device Manager Service…
Stopping NetBackup Compatibility Service…
Stopping NetBackup Discovery Service…
Stopping NetBackup Service Layer…
Stopping NetBackup Database Manager…
Stopping NetBackup Job Manager…
Stopping NetBackup Request Daemon…
Stopping NetBackup Policy Execution Manager…
Stopping NetBackup Remote Monitoring Service…
Stopping NetBackup Bare Metal Restore Service…
Stopping NetBackup Legacy Client Service…
Stopping NetBackup Legacy Network Service…
NetBackup services stopped successfully.

# 验证服务已停止
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpps
NB Processes
————
MM Processes
————

# 挂载安装介质
$ mount -o loop /data/software/NB_10.0_LinuxRHEL8.tar.gz /mnt/nbu-install
mount: /mnt/nbu-install: WARNING: device write-protected, mounted read-only.

# 运行安装程序
$ cd /mnt/nbu-install
$ ./install

Veritas NetBackup Installation Script
Copyright (c) 2026 Veritas Technologies LLC. All rights reserved.

Installing NetBackup Server Software

Please wait while the installation program prepares the installation…

Checking for existing NetBackup installation…
Found existing NetBackup 8.3.0.1 installation
This will be upgraded to NetBackup 10.0

Do you want to continue? [y,n] y

Installing NetBackup 10.0 Server…
Extracting files…
Installing packages…
Installing SYMCpddea.x86_64…
Installing SYMCnbjava.x86_64…
Installing SYMCnbjre.x86_64…
Installing SYMCnbclt.x86_64…
Installing VRTSpbx.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbpck.x86_64…
Installing VRTSpddea.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbclt.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbjava.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbjre.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbserver.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbmrd.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbcfg.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbweb.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbslp.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbsrv.x86_64…
Installing VRTSnbmrd.x86_64…

Installation completed successfully.

Starting NetBackup services…
NetBackup services started successfully.

Upgrade from NetBackup 8.3.0.1 to 10.0 completed successfully.

# 升级后验证版本
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpgetconfig | grep VERSION
VERSION = 10.0.0.1
RELEASE = 10.0

# 检查服务状态
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpps
NB Processes
————
root 5678 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpdbm
root 5679 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:02 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpjobd
root 5680 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bprd
root 5681 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:03 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpcompatd
root 5682 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpcd
root 5683 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:02 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/vnetd
root 5684 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdisco
root 5685 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbsl
root 5686 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbemm
root 5687 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbjm
root 5688 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbpem
root 5689 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbrmms

MM Processes
————
root 5690 1 0 10:30 ? 00:00:01 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/ltid
root 5691 5690 0 10:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/avrd
root 5692 5690 0 10:30 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/volmgr/bin/tpconfig

5. 系统迁移策略

NBU系统迁移需要考虑数据完整性、业务连续性等因素，制定详细的迁移计划。

# 迁移到新服务器
# 1. 在新服务器安装NBU
$ ssh root@new-nbumaster
$ cd /mnt/nbu-install
$ ./install

# 2. 恢复NBU数据库
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdb_restore -dbn NBDB -replace -source /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/nbdb-backup
Database restore started.
Database restore completed successfully.

# 3. 恢复配置文件
$ cp /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/bp.conf /usr/openv/netbackup/
$ cp -r /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/class /usr/openv/netbackup/db/
$ cp -r /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/images /usr/openv/netbackup/db/

# 4. 恢复证书
$ cp -r /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/credentials /usr/openv/var/vxss/
$ cp -r /backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403/certificates /usr/openv/var/vxss/

# 5. 启动服务
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/goodies/netbackup start

6. 升级验证

升级完成后需要进行全面的验证，确保NBU系统正常运行。更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com

# 验证策略配置
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist
Daily_Full_Backup
Daily_Incremental_Backup
Weekly_Full_Backup
Monthly_Archive_Backup
Oracle_Database_Backup
SQL_Server_Backup
VMware_Backup

# 验证存储单元
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpstulist
stu_disk01
stu_disk02
stu_tape01

# 测试备份作业
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpbackup -c client01 -p Daily_Full_Backup -s Daily_Full
Backup initiated successfully. Job ID: 20001

# 检查备份作业状态
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpdbjobs -jobid 20001 -all_columns
20001 0 3 0 Daily_Full_Backup Daily_Full client01 new-nbumaster 04/03/2026 11:00 1800 04/03/2026 11:30 stu_disk01 1 0 Default 0 Default 0 0 root 0 0 – 0 20001 Default

# 验证恢复功能
$ /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bprestore -C client01 -D client01 -t 0 -p Daily_Full_Backup -s Daily_Full -L /tmp/restore.log /tmp/testfile
Restore initiated successfully.

$ cat /tmp/restore.log
04/03/2026 11:35:00 – begin Restore
04/03/2026 11:35:01 – restoring from image client01_1743657600
04/03/2026 11:35:30 – restored /tmp/testfile (size: 1024 bytes)
04/03/2026 11:35:30 – Restore completed successfully

7. 回滚方案

回滚方案是升级过程中的重要保障，当升级出现问题时可以快速恢复到之前的状态。

# 回滚脚本
$ cat > /usr/openv/scripts/nbu-rollback.sh << 'EOF' #!/bin/bash # NBU升级回滚脚本 BACKUP_DIR="/backup/nbu-upgrade-20260403" LOG_FILE="/var/log/nbu-rollback.log" echo "$(date): 开始NBU回滚" >> $LOG_FILE

# 停止NBU服务
echo “停止NBU服务…”
/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/goodies/netbackup stop

# 卸载新版本
echo “卸载NBU 10.0…”
cd /mnt/nbu-install
./uninstall

# 重新安装旧版本
echo “安装NBU 8.3…”
cd /mnt/nbu-8.3-install
./install

# 恢复数据库
echo “恢复NBU数据库…”
/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdb_restore -dbn NBDB -replace -source $BACKUP_DIR/nbdb-backup

# 恢复配置
echo “恢复配置文件…”
cp $BACKUP_DIR/bp.conf /usr/openv/netbackup/
cp -r $BACKUP_DIR/class /usr/openv/netbackup/db/
cp -r $BACKUP_DIR/images /usr/openv/netbackup/db/
cp -r $BACKUP_DIR/credentials /usr/openv/var/vxss/
cp -r $BACKUP_DIR/certificates /usr/openv/var/vxss/

# 启动服务
echo “启动NBU服务…”
/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/goodies/netbackup start

echo “$(date): NBU回滚完成” >> $LOG_FILE
echo “回滚完成，请验证NBU服务状态”
EOF

$ chmod +x /usr/openv/scripts/nbu-rollback.sh

生产环境风哥建议：回滚方案必须在升级前制定并测试，确保在出现问题时能够快速、有效地恢复系统。

8. 最佳实践

NBU升级与迁移的最佳实践包括：

风哥风哥提示：NBU升级与迁移是一项高风险操作，需要充分准备、精心规划、严格执行，确保备份系统的稳定性和数据安全性。

生产环境最佳实践：

  • 制定详细的升级计划和回滚方案
  • 选择合适的升级时间窗口
  • 完整备份配置和数据库
  • 验证新版本兼容性
  • 在非生产环境先行测试
  • 升级后进行全面验证
  • 监控系统运行状态
  • 记录升级过程和结果
# 升级后监控脚本
$ cat > /usr/openv/scripts/nbu-monitor.sh << 'EOF' #!/bin/bash # NBU升级后监控脚本 LOG_FILE="/var/log/nbu-monitor.log" ALERT_EMAIL="admin@fgedu.net.cn" echo "$(date): NBU监控检查" >> $LOG_FILE

# 检查服务状态
if ! /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpps | grep -q “bpdbm”; then
echo “ERROR: bpdbm服务未运行” >> $LOG_FILE
echo “NBU服务异常: bpdbm未运行” | mail -s “NBU Alert” $ALERT_EMAIL
fi

# 检查磁盘空间
DISK_USAGE=$(df /usr/openv/netbackup/db | awk ‘NR==2{print $5}’ | sed ‘s/%//’)
if [ $DISK_USAGE -gt 80 ]; then
echo “WARNING: 数据库磁盘使用率 ${DISK_USAGE}%” >> $LOG_FILE
echo “NBU磁盘空间警告: 使用率 ${DISK_USAGE}%” | mail -s “NBU Alert” $ALERT_EMAIL
fi

# 检查最近备份作业
FAILED_JOBS=$(/usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpdbjobs -report -all_columns | grep -c “status 1”)
if [ $FAILED_JOBS -gt 5 ]; then
echo “WARNING: 最近有 ${FAILED_JOBS} 个失败作业” >> $LOG_FILE
echo “NBU作业失败警告: ${FAILED_JOBS} 个失败作业” | mail -s “NBU Alert” $ALERT_EMAIL
fi

echo “$(date): 监控检查完成” >> $LOG_FILE
EOF

$ chmod +x /usr/openv/scripts/nbu-monitor.sh

# 添加到定时任务
$ echo “0 */4 * * * /usr/openv/scripts/nbu-monitor.sh” | crontab –

本文由风哥教程整理发布,仅用于学习测试使用,转载注明出处:http://www.fgedu.net.cn/10327.html

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