# 监控系统部署
# 1. 部署Prometheus
# 安装Prometheus
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.30.3/prometheus-2.30.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz prometheus-2.30.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd prometheus-2.30.3.linux-amd64
# 配置Prometheus
cat > prometheus.yml << EOF
global:
scrape_interval: 15s
evaluation_interval: 15s
scrape_configs:
– job_name: ‘mariadb’
static_configs:
– targets: [‘fgedu.localhost:9104’]
– job_name: ‘node’
static_configs:
– targets: [‘fgedu.localhost:9100’]
EOF
# 启动Prometheus
./prometheus –config.file=prometheus.yml
# 2. 部署Grafana
# 安装Grafana
wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana_8.3.3_amd64.deb
dpkg -i grafana_8.3.3_amd64.deb
# 启动Grafana
systemctl start grafana-server
systemctl enable grafana-server
# 3. 部署Node Exporter
# 安装Node Exporter
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.3.1/node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd node_exporter-1.3.1.linux-amd64
# 启动Node Exporter
./node_exporter
# 4. 部署MariaDB Exporter
# 安装MariaDB Exporter
wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.13.0/mysqld_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz mysqld_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd mysqld_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64
# 创建监控用户
mysql -u root -p -e “CREATE USER ‘exporter’@’fgedu.localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘exporter-password’ WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO ‘exporter’@’fgedu.localhost’;
”
# 创建配置文件
cat > .my.cnf << EOF
[client]
user=exporter
password=exporter-password
host=fgedu.localhost
EOF
# 启动MariaDB Exporter
./mysqld_exporter –config.my-cnf=.my.cnf

# 指标采集与存储
# 1. 配置指标采集
# 编辑Prometheus配置文件
vi prometheus.yml
# 添加MariaDB监控配置
scrape_configs:
– job_name: ‘mariadb’
static_configs:
– targets: [‘mariadb-server:9104’]
metrics_path: /metrics
scrape_interval: 15s
# 2. 配置数据存储
# 编辑Prometheus配置文件
vi prometheus.yml
# 添加存储配置
storage:
tsdb:
path: /var/lib/prometheus
retention.time: 15d
# 3. 配置远程存储（可选）
# 编辑Prometheus配置文件
vi prometheus.yml
# 添加远程存储配置
remote_write:
– url: “http://remote-storage:9090/api/v1/write”
remote_read:
– url: “http://remote-storage:9090/api/v1/read”

# 告警配置与管理
# 1. 配置Alertmanager
# 安装Alertmanager
wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.23.0/alertmanager-0.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz alertmanager-0.23.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd alertmanager-0.23.0.linux-amd64
# 配置Alertmanager
cat > alertmanager.yml << EOF
global:
smtp_smarthost: ‘smtp.fgedu.net.cn:587’
smtp_from: ‘alertmanager@fgedu.net.cn’
smtp_auth_username: ‘alertmanager’
smtp_auth_password: ‘password’
route:
group_by: [‘alertname’]
group_wait: 30s
group_interval: 5m
repeat_interval: 1h
receiver: ’email’
receivers:
– name: ’email’
email_configs:
– to: ‘admin@fgedu.net.cn’
send_resolved: true
EOF
# 启动Alertmanager
./alertmanager –config.file=alertmanager.yml
# 2. 配置告警规则
# 创建告警规则文件
cat > mariadb-alerts.yml << EOF
groups:
– name: mariadb-alerts
rules:
– alert: MariaDBInstanceDown
expr: mysql_up == 0
for: 5m
labels:
severity: critical
annotations:
summary: “MariaDB instance down”
description: “MariaDB instance {{ $labels.instance }} is down”
– alert: MariaDBHighConnections
expr: mysql_global_status_threads_connected > 80
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: “MariaDB high connections”
description: “MariaDB instance {{ $labels.instance }} has {{ $value }} connections, which is above 80% of the max connections”
– alert: MariaDBSlowQueries
expr: rate(mysql_global_status_slow_queries[5m]) > 10
for: 5m
labels:
severity: warning
annotations:
summary: “MariaDB slow queries”
description: “MariaDB instance {{ $labels.instance }} has {{ $value }} slow queries per minute”
EOF
# 配置Prometheus使用告警规则
vi prometheus.yml
# 添加告警规则配置
rule_files:
– “mariadb-alerts.yml”
alerting:
alertmanagers:
– static_configs:
– targets: [‘fgedu.localhost:9093’]