# 步骤2：配置源数据库
# 开启binlog
mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin = ON;

# 创建DTS用户
mysql> CREATE USER ‘dts’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’;
mysql> GRANT SELECT, RELOAD, SHOW DATABASES, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO ‘dts’@’%’;

# 步骤3：配置目标数据库
# 创建目标数据库
mysql> CREATE DATABASE fgedudb;

# 创建目标用户
mysql> CREATE USER ‘fgedu’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘password’;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON fgedudb.* TO ‘fgedu’@’%’;

# 步骤4：启动迁移任务
# 在DTS控制台启动迁移任务
# 监控迁移进度

# 步骤5：验证迁移结果
# 登录目标数据库
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedudb.fgedu_user;
+—-+——-+—–+——————+
| id | name | age | email |
+—-+——-+—–+——————+
| 1 | test1 | 20 | test1@example.com |
| 2 | test2 | 21 | test2@example.com |
| 3 | test3 | 22 | test3@example.com |
| 4 | test4 | 23 | test4@example.com |
| 5 | test5 | 24 | test5@example.com |
+—-+——-+—–+——————+

# 比较源数据库和目标数据库的数据
# 确保数据一致性

# 步骤2：升级从节点
# 停止从节点
$ systemctl stop mysqld

# 升级从节点
$ rpm -Uvh polardb-mysql-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 启动从节点
$ systemctl start mysqld

# 验证从节点状态
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: pc-12345678.mysql.polardb.rds.aliyuncs.com
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 12345
Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 12345
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 12345
Relay_Log_Space: 12345
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: 12345678-1234-1234-1234-1234567890ab
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# 步骤3：升级主节点
# 切换主从角色
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’slave_host’, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER=’repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’password’, MASTER_LOG_FILE=’mysql-bin.000001′, MASTER_LOG_POS=12345;
mysql> START SLAVE;

# 停止原主节点
$ systemctl stop mysqld

# 升级原主节点
$ rpm -Uvh polardb-mysql-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 启动原主节点
$ systemctl start mysqld

# 切换回主从角色
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’master_host’, MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER=’repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’password’, MASTER_LOG_FILE=’mysql-bin.000001′, MASTER_LOG_POS=12345;
mysql> START SLAVE;

# 步骤4：验证升级结果
# 检查数据库版本
mysql> SELECT VERSION();
+———–+
| VERSION() |
+———–+
| 8.0.28 |
+———–+

# 验证系统功能
mysql> SELECT * FROM fgedudb.fgedu_user;
+—-+——-+—–+——————+
| id | name | age | email |
+—-+——-+—–+——————+
| 1 | test1 | 20 | test1@example.com |
| 2 | test2 | 21 | test2@example.com |
| 3 | test3 | 22 | test3@example.com |
| 4 | test4 | 23 | test4@example.com |
| 5 | test5 | 24 | test5@example.com |
+—-+——-+—–+——————+

# 问题2：数据不一致
# 排查步骤：
# 1. 检查源数据库和目标数据库的数据
# 2. 查看DTS日志
# 3. 检查源数据库的binlog配置

# 升级问题排查
# 问题1：升级失败
# 排查步骤：
# 1. 查看错误日志
# 2. 检查数据库版本兼容性
# 3. 检查系统资源

# 问题2：升级后性能下降
# 排查步骤：
# 1. 监控系统性能
# 2. 分析SQL语句
# 3. 检查数据库参数

# 问题3：升级后功能异常
# 排查步骤：
# 1. 查看错误日志
# 2. 测试系统功能
# 3. 检查应用程序兼容性

# 常见问题解决方法
– 数据丢失：从备份恢复数据
– 业务中断：回滚到之前的版本
– 性能下降：优化数据库参数和SQL语句
– 功能异常：修复应用程序兼容性问题