# 2. 运行预升级检查
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
$ sqlplus / as sysdba @preupgrd.sql

Loading Pre-Upgrade Package…
***************************************************************************
Executing Pre-Upgrade Checks in FGEDUDB…
***************************************************************************

**********************************************************************
[Pre-Upgrade Checks]
**********************************************************************

** WARNING: TBD/INVALID OBJECTS FOUND **
The database contains TBD/INVALID objects.
Number of Invalid Objects: 5

** WARNING: OLD TIME ZONE FILE VERSION **
Database is using time zone file version 26
Target database will use time zone file version 32

**********************************************************************
[Pre-Upgrade Recommendations]
**********************************************************************

1. Purge DBA_RECYCLEBIN before upgrade.
The database has 100 objects in DBA_RECYCLEBIN.
Execute: PURGE DBA_RECYCLEBIN;

2. Gather dictionary statistics before upgrade.
Execute: EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;

SQL> exit

# 3. 执行预升级修复
$ sqlplus / as sysdba @preupgrade_fixups.sql

Executing Pre-Upgrade Fixup Scripts…
***************************************************************************

**********************************************************************
[Pre-Upgrade Fixup Scripts]
**********************************************************************

Fixup 1: Purge DBA_RECYCLEBIN
Executing: PURGE DBA_RECYCLEBIN;
Result: SUCCESS

Fixup 2: Gather Dictionary Statistics
Executing: EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_DICTIONARY_STATS;
Result: SUCCESS

SQL> exit

# 4. 备份数据库
$ rman target /

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog;

Starting backup at 2026-03-31 10:00:00
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=150 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/FGEDUDB/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/FGEDUDB/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/FGEDUDB/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/FGEDUDB/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2026-03-31 10:00:00
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2026-03-31 10:05:00
piece handle=/backup/FGEDUDB_full_20260331_100000 tag=TAG20260331T100000 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:05:00
Finished backup at 2026-03-31 10:05:00

RMAN> exit

# 5. 关闭数据库
$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

# 6. 启动数据库到升级模式
SQL> startup upgrade

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 5368709120 bytes
Fixed Size 8710176 bytes
Variable Size 1090519040 bytes
Database Buffers 4261412864 bytes
Redo Buffers 8069120 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

# 7. 执行升级脚本
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql

SQL> SET ECHO OFF
.
.
.
Oracle Database 19c Post-Upgrade Status Tool 03-31-2026 10:30:00
.
Component Current Version Elapsed Time
Name Status Number HH:MM:SS
.
Oracle Server UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:15:00
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:02:00
Oracle XDK UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:00
Oracle Database Java Packages UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:00
.
Total Upgrade Time: 00:19:00
.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> exit

# 8. 重启数据库
$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 5368709120 bytes
Fixed Size 8710176 bytes
Variable Size 1090519040 bytes
Database Buffers 4261412864 bytes
Redo Buffers 8069120 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

# 9. 执行升级后检查
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu122s.sql

Oracle Database 19c Post-Upgrade Status Tool 03-31-2026 10:35:00
.
Component Current Version Elapsed Time
Name Status Number HH:MM:SS
.
Oracle Server VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:15:00
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:02:00
Oracle XDK VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:00
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:00
.
Total Upgrade Time: 00:19:00
.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

# 10. 执行升级后修复
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/postupgrade_fixups.sql

Executing Post-Upgrade Fixup Scripts…
***************************************************************************

**********************************************************************
[Post-Upgrade Fixup Scripts]
**********************************************************************

Fixup 1: Recompile Invalid Objects
Executing: @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql;
Result: SUCCESS

Fixup 2: Update COMPATIBLE Parameter
Current COMPATIBLE: 12.2.0
Recommended COMPATIBLE: 19.0.0
Action: Update COMPATIBLE parameter manually

SQL> exit

# 11. 编译无效对象
$ sqlplus / as sysdba @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql

TIMESTAMP
——————————————————————————–
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_BGN 2026-03-31 10:40:00

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

TIMESTAMP
——————————————————————————–
COMP_TIMESTAMP UTLRP_END 2026-03-31 10:45:00

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

# 12. 验证升级结果
SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.3.0.0.0 – Production

SQL> select comp_name, version, status from dba_registry;

COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
—————————————- —————————— ————
Oracle Server 19.3.0.0.0 VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 19.3.0.0.0 VALID
Oracle XDK 19.3.0.0.0 VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages 19.3.0.0.0 VALID

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where status = ‘INVALID’;

COUNT(*)
———-
0

System altered.

SQL> alter system set parallel_max_servers = 16 scope=spfile;

System altered.

# 2. 重启数据库到升级模式
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup upgrade;

# 3. 执行并行升级
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql parallel=8

SQL> SET ECHO OFF
.
.
.
Oracle Database 19c Post-Upgrade Status Tool 03-31-2026 10:30:00
.
Component Current Version Elapsed Time
Name Status Number HH:MM:SS
.
Oracle Server UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:10:00
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:01:00
Oracle XDK UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:30
Oracle Database Java Packages UPGRADED 19.3.0.0.0 00:00:30
.
Total Upgrade Time: 00:12:00
.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

# 4. 验证并行升级效果
— 升级时间从19分钟减少到12分钟
— 并行度越高，升级时间越短
— 但资源消耗也越大

#!/bin/bash
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
# 手动升级监控脚本

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=FGEDUDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

LOG_DIR=”/home/oracle/manual_upgrade_monitor”
mkdir -p $LOG_DIR

DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d)
LOG_FILE=”$LOG_DIR/manual_upgrade_monitor_$DATE.log”

echo “$(date): Starting manual upgrade monitor…” > $LOG_FILE

# 检查升级状态
sqlplus -s / as sysdba <> $LOG_FILE
set linesize 200
set pagesize 100

— 检查数据库版本
select * from v\$version;

— 检查组件状态
select comp_name, version, status from dba_registry;

— 检查无效对象
select count(*) from dba_objects where status = ‘INVALID’;

— 检查升级进度
select * from dba_registry_log order by timestamp desc fetch first 10 rows only;

exit
EOF

echo “$(date): Manual upgrade monitor completed.” >> $LOG_FILE

# 发送报告
mail -s “Manual Upgrade Monitor Report – $DATE” admin@fgedu.net.cn < $LOG_FILE # 2. 设置脚本权限 $ chmod +x /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_manual_upgrade.sh # 3. 测试脚本 $ /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_manual_upgrade.sh # 4. 设置定期监控 $ crontab -e # 每小时监控升级状态 0 * * * * /home/oracle/scripts/monitor_manual_upgrade.sh >> /home/oracle/manual_upgrade_monitor/cron.log 2>&1

# 错误信息
ORA-04063: package body “SYS.DBMS_REGISTRY” has errors

# 解决方案
# 1. 查看错误详情
SQL> select * from dba_errors where owner = ‘SYS’ and name = ‘DBMS_REGISTRY’;

# 2. 重新编译
SQL> alter package SYS.DBMS_REGISTRY compile body;

# 3. 重新运行升级脚本
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catupgrd.sql;

# 问题2：组件升级失败

# 错误信息
Component Current Version Elapsed Time
Name Status Number HH:MM:SS
.
Oracle Server INVALID 19.3.0.0.0 00:15:00

# 解决方案
# 1. 查看组件日志
$ cat /oracle/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/FGEDUDB/upgrade/catupgrd*.log

# 2. 手动修复组件
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/prvtrcat.plb;

# 3. 重新编译
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql;

# 问题3：数据库无法启动

# 错误信息
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

# 解决方案
# 1. 查看告警日志
$ cat /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/fgedudb/FGEDUDB/trace/alert_FGEDUDB.log

# 2. 恢复备份
RMAN> startup nomount;
RMAN> restore controlfile from ‘/backup/control_file_backup’;
RMAN> alter database mount;
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database;
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;