内容简介：本文风哥教程参考Linux官方文档、Red Hat Enterprise Linux官方文档、Ansible Automation Platform官方文档、Docker官方文档、Kubernetes官方文档和Podman官方文档等内容，详细介绍了相关技术的配置和使用方法。更多视频教程www.fgedu.net.cn
风哥提示：
本文档介绍Kubernetes综合实战案例部署。
Part01-项目背景
1.1 项目需求
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /root/fgedu-project-requirements.txt << 'EOF' FGEDU电商平台项目需求 ==================== 1. 业务需求 - 用户管理服务 - 商品管理服务 - 订单管理服务 - 支付管理服务 2. 技术架构 - 前端: Nginx - API网关: Kong/Nginx - 后端: Java Spring Boot - 数据库: MySQL主从 - 缓存: Redis Cluster - 消息队列: RabbitMQ 3. 非功能需求 - 高可用: 99.9% - 性能: 1000 QPS - 安全: mTLS加密 - 监控: 全链路追踪 4. 部署要求 - 生产环境: 3节点集群 - 灾备环境: 2节点集群 - CI/CD: GitOps EOF
Part02-架构设计
2.1 系统架构
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl create namespace fgedu-ecommerce
namespace/fgedu-ecommerce created
# 部署MySQL主从
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-mysql-cluster.yaml << 'EOF'
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: fgedu-mysql-config
namespace: fgedu-ecommerce
data:
master.cnf: |
[mysqld]
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
binlog-format=ROW
gtid-mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=ON
slave.cnf: |
[mysqld]
server-id=2
relay-log=relay-bin
read-only=ON
gtid-mode=ON
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: fgedu-mysql
namespace: fgedu-ecommerce
spec:
serviceName: fgedu-mysql
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: fgedu-mysql
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: fgedu-mysql
spec:
containers:
- name: mysql
image: mysql:8.0
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
name: fgedu-mysql-secret
key: root-password
volumeMounts:
- name: data
mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
resources:
requests:
cpu: 500m
memory: 1Gi
limits:
cpu: 2000m
memory: 4Gi
volumeClaimTemplates:
- metadata:
name: data
spec:
accessModes: ["ReadWriteOnce"]
resources:
requests:
storage: 50Gi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: fgedu-mysql
namespace: fgedu-ecommerce
spec:
ports:
- port: 3306
clusterIP: None
selector:
app: fgedu-mysql
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-mysql-cluster.yaml
configmap/fgedu-mysql-config created
statefulset.apps/fgedu-mysql created
service/fgedu-mysql created
# 部署Redis Cluster
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-redis-cluster.yaml << 'EOF'
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: fgedu-redis
namespace: fgedu-ecommerce
spec:
serviceName: fgedu-redis
replicas: 6
selector:
matchLabels:
app: fgedu-redis
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: fgedu-redis
spec:
containers:
- name: redis
image: redis:7
ports:
- containerPort: 6379
- containerPort: 16379
command:
- redis-server
- --cluster-enabled
- "yes"
- --cluster-config-file
- /data/nodes.conf
- --requirepass
- "redis123"
resources:
requests:
cpu: 200m
memory: 256Mi
limits:
cpu: 500m
memory: 512Mi
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: fgedu-redis
namespace: fgedu-ecommerce
spec:
ports:
- port: 6379
name: client
- port: 16379
name: gossip
clusterIP: None
selector:
app: fgedu-redis
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-redis-cluster.yaml
statefulset.apps/fgedu-redis created
service/fgedu-redis created
Part03-应用部署
3.1 微服务部署
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-user-service.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: fgedu-user-service namespace: fgedu-ecommerce spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: fgedu-user-service template: metadata: labels: app: fgedu-user-service spec: containers: - name: user-service image: 192.168.1.100:30002/fgedu/user-service:1.0.0 ports: - containerPort: 8080 env: - name: SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL value: "jdbc:mysql://fgedu-mysql-0.fgedu-mysql:3306/fgedu_user" - name: SPRING_REDIS_HOST value: "fgedu-redis" resources: requests: cpu: 200m memory: 256Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 512Mi livenessProbe: httpGet: path: /actuator/health port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 60 periodSeconds: 10 readinessProbe: httpGet: path: /actuator/health port: 8080 initialDelaySeconds: 30 periodSeconds: 5 --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: fgedu-user-service namespace: fgedu-ecommerce spec: ports: - port: 8080 selector: app: fgedu-user-service EOF [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-user-service.yaml deployment.apps/fgedu-user-service created service/fgedu-user-service created # 部署API网关 [root@k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-api-gateway.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: fgedu-api-gateway namespace: fgedu-ecommerce spec: replicas: 2 selector: matchLabels: app: fgedu-api-gateway template: metadata: labels: app: fgedu-api-gateway spec: containers: - name: gateway image: 192.168.1.100:30002/fgedu/api-gateway:1.0.0 ports: - containerPort: 8080 resources: requests: cpu: 200m memory: 256Mi limits: cpu: 500m memory: 512Mi --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: fgedu-api-gateway namespace: fgedu-ecommerce spec: type: LoadBalancer ports: - port: 80 targetPort: 8080 selector: app: fgedu-api-gateway EOF [root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-api-gateway.yaml deployment.apps/fgedu-api-gateway created service/fgedu-api-gateway created # 配置Ingress [root@k8s-master ~]# cat > fgedu-ingres学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174s.yaml << 'EOF' apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: Ingress metadata: name: fgedu-ecommerce-ingress namespace: fgedu-ecommerce annotations: nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / cert-manager.io/cluster-issuer: letsencrypt-prod spec: ingressClassName: nginx tls: - hosts: - api.fgedu.net.cn secretName: fgedu-tls rules: - host: api.fgedu.net.cn http: paths: - path: / pathType: Prefix backend: service: name: fgedu-api-gateway port: number: 80 EOF [root@k8s-mastfrom PG视频:www.itpux.comer ~]# kubectl apply -f fgedu-ingress.yaml ingress.networking.k8s.io/fgedu-ecommerce-ingress created
Part04-监控运维
4.1 监控配置
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get all -n fgedu-ecommerce
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/fgedu-api-gateway-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 5m
pod/fgedu-api-gateway-def34-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 5m
pod/fgedu-mysql-0 1/1 Running 0 10m
pod/fgedu-mysql-1 1/1 Running 0 9m
pod/fgedu-mysql-2 1/1 Running 0 8m
pod/fgedu-redis-0 1/1 Running 0 8m
pod/fgedu-redis-1 1/1 Running 0 7m
pod/fgedu-redis-2 1/1 Running 0 7m
pod/fgedu-redis-3 1/1 Running 0 7m
pod/fgedu-redis-4 1/1 Running 0 7m
pod/fgedu-redis-5 1/1 Running 0 7m
pod/fgedu-user-service-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 6m
pod/fgedu-user-service-def34-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 6m
pod/fgedu-user-service-ghi56-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 6m
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/fgedu-api-gateway LoadBalancer 10.96.100.100 192.168.1.200 80:30080/TCP 5m
service/fgedu-mysql ClusterIP None
service/fgedu-redis ClusterIP None
service/fgedu-user-service ClusterIP 10.96.100.101
# 配置HPA自动扩缩容
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl autoscale deployment fgedu-user-service –cpu-percent=70 –min=3 –max=10 -n fgedu-ecommerce
horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling/fgedu-user-service autoscaled
# 查看HPA状态
[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl get hpa -n fgedu-ecommerce
NAME REFERENCE TARGETS MINPODS MAXPODS REPLICAS AGE
fgedu-user-service Deployment/fgedu-user-service 10%/70% 3 10 3 1m
# 创建运维脚本
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat > /usr/local/bin/fgedu-ops.sh 更多学习教程公众号风哥教程itpux_com<< 'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
# fgedu-ops.sh
# from:www.itpux.com.qq113257174.wx:itpux-com
# web: http://www.fgedu.net.cn
case "$1" in
status)
kubectl get all -n fgedu-ecommerce
;;
logs)
kubectl logs -f deployment/$2 -n fgedu-ecommerce --tail=100
;;
restart)
kubectl rollout restart deployment/$2 -n fgedu-ecommerce
;;
scale)
kubectl scale deployment/$2 --replicas=$3 -n fgedu-ecommerce
;;
backup)
kubectl exec -n fgedu-ecommerce fgedu-mysql-0 -- mysqldump -uroot -p${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD} --all-databases > /backup/fgedu-$(date +%Y%m%d).sql
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $0 {status|logs|restart|scale|backup}”
;;
esac
EOF
[root@k8s-master ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/fgedu-ops.sh
# 执行运维操作
[root@k8s-master ~]# fgedu-ops.sh status
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/fgedu-api-gateway-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
pod/fgedu-user-service-abc12-xyz789 1/1 Running 0 10m
- 合理规划系统架构
- 使用StatefulSet部署有状态应用
- 配置健康检查确保服务可用
- 实施自动扩缩容应对流量变化
- 建立完善的监控运维体系
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