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it教程FG184-NBU备份系统日常维护与管理

教程整理：风哥教程  |  更新时间：2026-01-27  |  教程分类：IT综合教程  |  文档学习：6

1. 日常维护任务

NBU备份系统的日常维护是确保系统稳定运行的关键，包括定期检查备份状态、清理过期数据、更新配置等。更多学习教程www.fgedu.net.cn

# 检查NBU服务状态
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpps
NB Processes:
root 1234 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbdbms
root 1235 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbsvcmon
root 1236 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbemm
root 1237 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbpem
root 1238 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbjm
root 1239 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbstserv
root 1240 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbcdbsdb
root 1241 1 0 08:00 ? 00:00:00 /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbwmc

# 检查NBU版本
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/nbversion
NetBackup 10.1.1
Build: 1010000

# 检查磁盘空间
# df -h /usr/openv
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev
tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 32G 8.5M 32G 1% /run
tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 50G 15G 36G 30% /
/dev/sdb1 500G 20G 480G 4% /usr/openv

# 检查备份目录空间
# df -h /backup
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdc1 2.0T 500G 1.5T 25% /backup

# 清理过期的备份目录
# find /backup -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm -f {} \;

# 检查NBU数据库状态
# /usr/openv/db/bin/nbdb_status
NBDB is alive and well on server fgedu.net.cn.

生产环境风哥建议：每天检查NBU服务状态，每周检查磁盘空间使用情况，每月清理过期备份数据，确保备份系统有足够的存储空间。

2. 备份策略管理

备份策略是NBU系统的核心，需要根据业务需求定期评估和调整，确保数据得到有效保护。学习交流加群风哥微信: itpux-com

# 列出所有备份策略
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist -allpolicies
Policy Name: FULL_BACKUP
Policy Type: Standard
Active: yes

Policy Name: INCREMENTAL_BACKUP
Policy Type: Standard
Active: yes

Policy Name: DATABASE_BACKUP
Policy Type: Oracle
Active: yes

# 查看策略详情
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppllist FULL_BACKUP -U
Policy Name: FULL_BACKUP
Policy Type: Standard
Active: yes
Policy Effective date: 01/01/2026 00:00:00
Description: Full backup of all servers
Client List: server1, server2, server3
Include List: /etc, /home, /var, /opt
Exclude List: /proc, /sys, /tmp
Schedule: Full, Type: Full Backup, Frequency: 1 week, Retention: 4 weeks
Schedule: Differential, Type: Differential Incremental, Frequency: 1 day, Retention: 2 weeks
Schedule: Cumulative, Type: Cumulative Incremental, Frequency: 1 week, Retention: 3 weeks

# 创建新的备份策略
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bppolicynew -t Standard WEB_SERVER_BACKUP

# 添加客户端到策略
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpplclients WEB_SERVER_BACKUP -add webserver1 fgedu.net.cn

# 添加备份路径
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpplinclude WEB_SERVER_BACKUP -add /var/www

# 创建备份计划
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpplsched WEB_SERVER_BACKUP -add Full -full -freq 14 -ret 6

# 激活策略
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpplinfo WEB_SERVER_BACKUP -active

风哥风哥提示：备份策略应根据数据重要性和业务需求进行调整，关键数据建议每天备份，非关键数据可适当延长备份周期。

3. 备份监控与告警

实时监控备份作业状态，及时发现和处理异常，是确保备份成功的重要措施。

# 查看当前运行的备份作业
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpjobs -active
Job ID Type State Status Client Policy Schedule
12345 Backup Active In Progress server1 FULL_BACKUP Full
12346 Backup Active In Progress server2 FULL_BACKUP Full

# 查看作业详情
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpjobinfo -jobid 12345
Job ID: 12345
Job Type: Backup
State: Active
Status: In Progress
Client: server1
Policy: FULL_BACKUP
Schedule: Full
Start Time: 04/02/2026 08:00:00
Current Phase: Processing

# 查看失败的作业
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bpjobs -failed
Job ID Type State Status Client Policy Schedule
12347 Backup Done Failed server3 FULL_BACKUP Full

# 查看作业失败原因
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/admincmd/bperror -jobid 12347 -detail
12347:0000:server3: backup failed: cannot connect on socket

# 检查客户端连接
# /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bpclntcmd -pn
Expecting response from server fgedu.net.cn
fgedu.net.cn: server_0 192.168.1.10

# 检查网络连接
# ping -c 5 server3
PING server3 (192.168.1.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
56 bytes from server3 (192.168.1.20): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.52 ms
56 bytes from server3 (192.168.1.20): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.48 ms
56 bytes from server3 (192.168.1.20): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.51 ms
56 bytes from server3 (192.168.1.20): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.49 ms
56 bytes from server3 (192.168.1.20): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.50 ms

— server3 ping statistics —
5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.480/0.500/0.520/0.020 ms

生产环境风哥建议：配置NBU邮件告警，当备份作业失败时及时通知管理员。定期检查备份作业历史，分析失败原因并采取相应措施。

4. 日志管理

NBU系统生成大量日志，需要定期管理和分析，以便及时发现问题。学习交流加群风哥QQ113257174

# 查看NBU日志目录
# ls -la /usr/openv/netbackup/logs/
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:00 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 admin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 bjm
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 emm
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 nbpem
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 nbjm
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 2 00:00 vnetd

# 查看最近的备份日志
# tail -n 100 /usr/openv/netbackup/logs/bjm/12345.log
10:00:00.000 [12345] <2> bjm: INF – Starting backup job for client server1, policy FULL_BACKUP, schedule Full
10:00:00.010 [12345] <2> bjm: INF – Job 12345 started
10:00:00.020 [12345] <2> bjm: INF – Created child process 67890 for job 12345
10:00:00.030 [12345] <2> bjm: INF – Child process 67890 exited with status 0
10:00:00.040 [12345] <2

本文由风哥教程整理发布,仅用于学习测试使用,转载注明出处:http://www.fgedu.net.cn/10327.html

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