# 安装与部署
# 1. 准备环境
# 安装依赖包
sudo yum install -y epel-release
sudo yum install -y wget curl
# 2. 添加MariaDB Galera仓库
# 下载仓库配置文件
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-enterprise-repository.rpm
# 安装仓库
sudo rpm -ivh /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo
# 3. 安装MariaDB Galera Cluster
sudo yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client galera
# 4. 配置Galera Cluster
# 编辑配置文件
sudo vi /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
# 添加Galera配置
[mysqld]
binlog_format=ROW
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
bind-address=0.0.0.0
[galera]
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=”galera-cluster”
wsrep_cluster_address=”gcomm://192.168.1.101,192.168.1.102,192.168.1.103″
wsrep_node_name=”node1″
wsrep_node_address=”192.168.1.101″
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
# 5. 启动集群
# 第一个节点
sudo galera_new_cluster
# 其他节点
sudo systemctl start mariadb
# 6. 验证集群状态
mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘wsrep%’;
”

# 配置与优化
# 1. 基本配置
# 编辑配置文件
sudo vi /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf
# 添加基本配置
[mysqld]
binlog_format=ROW
default_storage_engine=InnoDB
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
bind-address=0.0.0.0
[galera]
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=”galera-cluster”
wsrep_cluster_address=”gcomm://192.168.1.101,192.168.1.102,192.168.1.103″
wsrep_node_name=”node1″
wsrep_node_address=”192.168.1.101″
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
# 2. 性能优化
# 编辑配置文件，添加性能优化参数
[mysqld]
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8G
innodb_log_file_size=1G
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity=2000
[galera]
wsrep_slave_threads=4
wsrep_max_ws_rows=131072
wsrep_max_ws_size=1073741824
wsrep_debug=0
# 3. 安全配置
# 编辑配置文件，添加安全配置
[mysqld]
ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/ssl/ca-cert.pem
ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/ssl/server-cert.pem
ssl-key=/etc/mysql/ssl/server-key.pem
# 4. 重启服务
sudo systemctl restart mariadb

# 监控与管理
# 1. 查看集群状态
mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘wsrep%’;
”
# 2. 查看节点状态
mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘wsrep_cluster_size’;
”
# 3. 查看同步状态
mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘wsrep_local_state_comment’;
”
# 4. 查看复制延迟
mysql -u root -p -e “SHOW STATUS LIKE ‘wsrep_replicated’;
”
# 5. 使用Prometheus监控
# 安装mysqld_exporter
wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.13.0/mysqld_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvfz mysqld_exporter-0.13.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
# 创建监控用户
mysql -u root -p -e “CREATE USER ‘exporter’@’fgedu.localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘exporter-password’ WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO ‘exporter’@’fgedu.localhost’;
”
# 启动mysqld_exporter
./mysqld_exporter –config.my-cnf=.my.cnf
# 配置Prometheus
scrape_configs:
– job_name: ‘galera’
static_configs:
– targets: [‘node1:9104’, ‘node2:9104’, ‘node3:9104’]